nationalcredit.biz |
nationalcredit.biz Frankie ceo credit repair scam had me send them 100.00 just to show me what they could do and they removed a couple old addresses |
15th of May, 2011 by User687010 |
Ok im sure this a similiar story....it all started with craigslist .....shocker I know.....I needed to have a few old items removed from my credit report after talking to frainkie...the so called CEO of the company...he told me his parents were part owners of the dominos pizza company andhe assured me he wasn't doing this for the money he was just tired credit bureaus filing false info....so I explained my concerns and he told me ok if you don't believe me send me just 100.00 ill make your score go up 200-400 points in 9 days or less and then if your happy you can sign up.....deal? I was reluctant but I agreed...he said there are no hidden fees whatsoever...so 3 days after I sent the money he said ok I need your fax so I can send you the contract..because your score has went up 416 points......I was shocked because I knew my previous scores and all my sceptic was gone.....he even sent a email stating my new exact scores and he asked if I was signed up with any credit monitor company....I said no...he said you should have done that because if you do it now you score is going to drop because they will pull your reports...but not a big deal he was going to send ne a link to see what my scores were....that never came....then frankie and his partner jeff sent me 6 different links to sites to add positive credit to my reports...he said all I do is sign up the most expensive one was 20.00....after reading the fine print that he said was a mistake on my part....hmmmmm those sites came out to about 400.00 per month all together ...I called frankie on it andhe said well bro you have to add those if you want your score to be raised....what's the price of credit to you.....so I signed up to equifax monitoring to see where my scores were and the best one did go up 35 points....unbelievable....frankie then started sending me nasty emails...and yes I have every single text and email....saying you need to sign the. Ontra t or im going to put those back on your report and file a lawsuit against you and start the wage garnish process...frankie then said im going to show you how serious we take our business....I currently have an attorney handling my case against them and he said its basically a done deal....frankie the ceo also told me that he is on a special program with google that whoever searches his name up he gets an email straight from google with that persons contact info.....so since all this they have ruined my credit for now but it is getting resolved and they are looking at jail time.....justice for the working man.....they have added aroung 13 things to each of my reports that are completly fraudulent .....consumers beware of people like this on CRAIGSLIST they can't do anything you can't do yourself |
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I'm on here to correct my post.. I too was scammed out of a couple thousand dollars by Frankie. My first comment is on the first page by Timillionare85, at the time things were going good with Frankie and his and I. I learned the hard way not to trust this guy. If you have any complaints about this guy then please call the Indiana Attorney General Sheala McKenny 317-232-6330 ASAP. Please and thank you. He needs to be stopped. |
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NEED PROOF? If you need proof then go to this link: http://www.ripoffreport.com/wefixbadcredit-org/credit-debt-services/internet-internet-4c117.htm |
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We are back at this again |
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I am not picking sides but "Timillionare85" I did a basic Google search on your phone number "219-595-7840" and I found that your advertising for this firm:
1.) https://twitter.com/Nationalcredit4
2.) www.letusfixyourbadcredit.com/
3.) http://youferral.com/jobpost/show/3444573-smt-process-engineer-tulsa-ok-relocation-required
Please explain this? |
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Frankie got me for 25, 000. YEA you read that right... 25, 000. Anyone that thinks someone took the time to make up some BS like this is fucking crazy. People like Frankie are PROFESSIONAL. They actually believe their own lies. If ANYONE wants to meet me IN PERSON and discuss it, call me. Frankie, you have my # too but we know you won't meet me. We tried that already.
Also, anyone that has "google alerts" is a scammer. Not too many normal people are too worried about what comes up if their name is googled.
I paid my attorney's retainer last week. I'll keep this site, as well as other "rip off" sites updated.
630 461 1083- |
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Why would anyone care to even read this anymore, boring |
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Buy a new car at http://www.autotrader.com/ |
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Adams, Daniel Weisiger Brigadier General
rank, nom: May 23, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *Mississippi state senator, 1852–1856. *Brother of William Wirt Adams.
*1st Louisiana Infantry: Lt. Colonel, March 13, 1861, Colonel, October 30, 1861.
*Lost right eye at Shiloh. *Wounded: Perryville, Stones River.
*Wounded, captured at Chickamauga. *Exchanged 1864.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Adams, John Brigadier General
rank: December 29, 1862
nom: January 9, 1863
re-nom: May 23, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *USMA, 1846. *Mexican-American War.
*Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 31, 1861.
*Appointed captain of cavalry in command at Memphis, August 27, 1861. Colonel, May 1862.
*Killed at Franklin, aged 39.
Adams, William Wirt Brigadier General
rank: September 25, 1863
nom: September 28, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *Army of Republic of Texas. *Mississippi legislator, 1858, 1860. *Brother of Daniel Weisiger Adams.
*1st Mississippi Cavalry: Colonel, October 16, 1861.
Alexander, Edward Porter Brigadier General (Artillery)
rank: February 26, 1864
nom: March 1, 1864
conf: May 28, 1864
(Artillery)
conf: June 10, 1864. *USMA, 1857. *Resigned as 2d Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 1, 1861.
*Captain, then Major, July 1, 1861, engineers.
*Chief of ordnance, Army of Northern Virginia; Chief of Artillery, Longstreet's Corps.
*Wounded at Gettysburg, Petersburg.
Allen, Henry Watkins Brigadier General
rank, nom: August 19, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *Texas War of Independence. *Louisiana legislator.
*4th Louisiana Infantry: Private, April 1861, Lt. Colonel, May 20, 1861, Colonel, March 21, 1862.
*Wounded at Shiloh; leg shattered at Baton Rouge, 1862.
*Resigned as brigadier general, January 10, 1864. *Governor of Louisiana, January 25, 1864–June 2, 1865.
Allen, William W. Brigadier General (special)
rank: February 26, 1864
nom: March 1, 1864
conf: June 9, 1864 *Montgomery Mounted Rifles, 1st Lieutenant, April 1861.
*1st Alabama Cavalry: Major, December 11, 1861, Colonel, July 11, 1862.
*Wounded at Perryville, Stones River and Waynesboro, Georgia.
*Appointed major general (temporary rank), March 4, 1865 but Senate did not act on nomination.
Anderson, George Burgwyn Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 9, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862. *USMA, 1852 *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 25, 1861.
*4th North Carolina Infantry: Colonel, July 16, 1861.
*Wounded at Malvern Hill. *Mortally wounded at Antietam, September 17, 1862.
*Died October 16, 1862, Raleigh, North Carolina, aged 31.
Anderson, George T. "Tige" Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf. April 22, 1863 *Mexican-American War. *Returned to U.S. Army May 3, 1855, Captain, 1st U.S. Cavalry
*Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, June 11, 1858.
*11th Georgia Infantry: Colonel, July 2, 1861. *Severely wounded at Gettysburg.
Anderson, James Patton Brigadier General
rank, nom: February 10, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863
Major General
nom: February 11, 1864
rank, conf: February 17, 1864 *Mississippi legislator. *Washington Territory marshal, delegate to U.S. Congress.
*Mexican-American War: Lt. Colonel, Mississippi militia.
*1st Florida Infantry: Colonel, April 1, 1861.
*Severely wounded at Jonesboro, Georgia.
Anderson, Joseph R. Brigadier General
rank, nom: September 3, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1836. *Resigned as 2d Lieutenant, U.S. Army, July 1, 1837.
*Superintendent, Tredegar Iron Works, Richmond, Virginia, 1841–1865.
*Virginia legislator. *6th Infantry Battalion, Local Defense troops, Major, May 1861.
*Major, Artillery, August 27, 1861. *North Carolina Local Defense troops until April 19, 1862.
*Wounded in forehead at Glendale.
*Resigned as brigadier general, July 19, 1862, to resume control of Tredegar Iron Works.
Anderson, Richard Heron
"Fighting Dick" Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 18, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank, nom: July 14, 1862
conf: September 27, 1862
Lieutenant General (temporary)
rank, nom: May 31, 1864
conf: June 1, 1864 *USMA, 1842. *Mexican-American War.
*Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, March 3, 1861.
*Wounded at Antietam.
*Promoted to lieutenant general with temporary rank
after Longstreet wounded at the Wilderness.
*Reverted to major general on Longstreet's return to duty.
Anderson, Robert H. Brigadier General (temporary)
rank, nom: July 26, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865 *USMA, 1857. *Resigned as 2d Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 17, 1861.
*Special assistant to W.H.T. Walker, June 1861.
*5th Georgia Cavalry: Colonel, January 20, 1863.
*Wounded at Newnan, Georgia; Griswoldville, Georgia; Fayetteville, North Carolina.
Anderson, Samuel Read Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 9, 1861
conf: August 18, 1861
rank: November 7, 1864
nom: November 15, 1864
conf: November 19, 1864 *Mexican-American War.
*Tennessee Militia, Major General, May 9, 1861, aged 57.
*Resigned as brigadier general, Spring 1862, due to ill health.
*Brigadier General to rank from November 7, 1864 to head Tennessee conscription bureau.
Archer, James J. Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 3, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *Mexican-American War. *Returned to U.S. Army in 1855.
*Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 14, 1861.
*5th Texas Infantry: Colonel, October 2, 1861. *Wounded, captured, July 1, 1863 at Gettysburg.
*Confined for over a year. *Exchanged August 3, 1864, health shattered.
*Brief return to duty, summer 1864. *Died of pneumonia, October 24, 1864, Richmond, Virginia, aged 46.
Armistead, Lewis Addison "Lo" Brigadier General
nom: March 29, 1862
rank, conf: April 1, 1862 *Dismissed from USMA but nonetheless appointed to U.S. Army in 1839.
*Wounded in Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 6, 1861.
*57th Virginia Infantry: Colonel, September 25, 1861.
*Commanded a brigade in Pickett's division. *Wounded at Antietam.
*Mortally wounded during Pickett's Charge, Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.
*Died at a Union Army field hospital, July 5, 1863.
Armstrong, Frank Crawford Brigadier General
rank: January 20, 1863
nom: January 23, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863 *Fought with Union Army at First Bull Run.
*Resigned from Union Army on August 13, 1861 and joined Confederate Army.
Ashby, Turner See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
*Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not. |
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Name Rank Notes
Cabell, William L. Brigadier General
rank: January 20, 1863
nom: January 30, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863 *USMA, 1850. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, April 20, 1861. *Chief Quartermaster at First Bull Run.
*Organized Quartermaster corps at Richmond, 1861. *Cavalry commander. *Wounded twice.
*Captured at Mine Creek, Kansas, during Price's 1864 Missouri Raid.
*Prisoner, October 1864–August 1865.
Campbell, Alexander William Brigadier General
rank: March 1, 1865
nom, conf: March 2, 1865 *Mayor of Jackson, Tennessee, 1856. *Private, 1861, then Major and
Assistant Inspector General, Provisional Army of Tennessee.
*33rd Tennessee Infantry: Colonel, October 18, 1861. *Severely wounded at Shiloh.
*Captured at Lexington, Tennessee, July 1863, on a mission for governor.
*Exchanged December 1864.
Cantey, James Brigadier General
rank, nom: January 8, 1863
conf: April 22, 1863 *Two-term South Carolina legislator. *Mexican-American War.
*15th Alabama Infantry: Colonel, July 27, 1861. *Frequently in ill health.
Capers, Ellison Brigadier General
rank: March 1, 1865
nom, conf: March 2, 1865 *South Carolina Military Academy, 1857. *South Carolina Infantry, Major, April 1861.
*24th South Carolina Infantry: Lt. Colonel, April 1, 1862, Colonel, January 20, 1864.
*Wounded three times. *Captured at Bentonville.
Carroll, William Henry Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 26, 1861
conf: December 20, 1861 *Eldest son of six-term governor of Tennessee, William Carroll.
*37th Tennessee Infantry:, Colonel, July 9, 1861.
*Proclaimed martial law in Knoxville, Tennessee.
*Arrested by Hardee for drunkenness, incompetency and neglect.
*Resigned February 1, 1863 and went to Canada.
Carter, John C. Colonel
Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: July 7, 1864
nom: July 8, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865
(posthumous) *22nd Tennessee Infantry: 1st Lieutenant, August 18, 1861.
*38th Tennessee Infantry: Captain, September 23, 1861, Major, 1861, Lt. Colonel, 1862, Colonel, April 25, 1862.
*Wounded at Perryville. *Mortally wounded at Franklin.
*Died December 10, 1864 at the Harrison home, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of battlefield, aged 26.
*Posthumous confirmation. *Eicher, Warner list as a general.
Chalmers, James R. Brigadier General
nom: February 10, 1862
rank: February 13, 1862
conf: February 17, 1862
re-conf: February 7, 1864 *9th Mississippi Infantry: Colonel, March 27, 1861.
*Wounded at Stones River and Collierville, Tennessee.
Chambliss, John R. Brigadier General (special)
rank: December 19, 1863
nom: January 9, 1864
conf: January 27, 1864 *USMA, 1853. *Resigned as Brevet 2d Lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 4, 1854.
*Militia officer, aide to Virginia governor.
*41st Virginia Infantry: Colonel, May 1861. *13th Virginia Cavalry: Colonel, July 13, 1861.
*Killed August 16, 1864 at engagement near Deep Bottom, Virginia, on Charles City Road.
Cheatham, Benjamin F. Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 9, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank: March 10, 1862
nom: March 11, 1862
conf: March 13, 1862 *Mexican-American War: Colonel, 3rd Tennessee Infantry.
*Major General, Tennessee militia.
*Wounded at Shiloh, Ezra Church.
*Hood charged he allowed Union troops to escape from Spring Hill, Tennessee in November 1864.
*Historians such as Ezra J. Warner side with Cheatham.
Chesnut, James Jr. Brigadier General
rank, nom: April 23, 1864
conf: June 9, 1864 *Husband of diarist Mary Boykin Chesnut. *South Carolina legislator.
*U.S. Senator from South Carolina, December 3, 1858–November 10, 1860.
*Provisional Confederate Congress delegate, February 1861.
*Colonel, aide to Beauregard at Fort Sumter. *Staff of Jefferson Davis.
*Commanded Reserve Forces of South Carolina, April 30, 1864–May 10, 1865.
Chilton, Robert H. Brigadier General (special)
rank: December 21, 1863
nom: December 22, 1863
conf: February 16, 1864 *USMA, 1837. *Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Major and Paymaster, U.S. Army, April 29, 1861.
*Virginia Provisional Army: Colonel, cavalry. *Adjutant and Inspector General Department, C.S.A., Lt. Colonel.
*Chief of staff to Robert E. Lee. *Inspector General of Army of Northern Virginia.
*First brigadier general nomination rejected by Confederate Senate, April 11, 1863.
*Relieved of field duty, April 1864.
*Finished war as Lt. Colonel, then Colonel, inspection branch, Department of Richmond.
Churchill, Thomas J. Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1862
Major General (temporary)
rank: March 17, 1865
nom, conf: March 18, 1865 *Mexican-American War: captured, exchanged. *Recruited First Arkansas Mounted Rifles, Colonel, June 9, 1861.
*Surrendered at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863. *Exchanged April 1863.
*May 13, 1864 promotion to major general by E. Kirby Smith rescinded by Jefferson Davis.
Clanton, James H. Brigadier General
rank: November 16, 1863
nom: November 18, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Mexican-American War private. *Alabama legislator. *CSA Alabama Cavalry: Captain, November 12, 1861.
*1st Alabama Cavalry: Colonel, December 3, 1861. *Resigned 1862.
*Aide to John G. Shorter, Braxton Bragg, Leonidas Polk.
*Cavalry brigade commander from June 1864. *Badly wounded, captured, Bluff Spring, Florida, March 1865.
Clark, Charles Brigadier General
rank, nom: May 22, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861 *Mississippi legislator, 1838–1844. *Mexican-American War: volunteer colonel from Mississippi.
*Severely wounded at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 1862.
*Captured; exchanged February 1863. *Resigned October 31, 1863.
*Governor of Mississippi, November 16, 1863–May 22, 1865.
Clark, John Bullock Jr. Brigadier General
rank: March 8, 1864
nom: March 12, 1864
conf: May 11, 1864 *6th Missouri Infantry, Missouri State Guard: Lieutenant, Captain, Major, July 1861, Colonel, June 28, 1862.
*Wounded at Wilson's Creek. *9th Missouri Infantry, Colonel, November 16, 1862.
*Wounded at Jenkins' Ferry.
Clayton, Henry DeLamar Brigadier General
rank: April 22, 1863
nom: April 23, 1863
conf: April 25, 1863
Major General (temporary)
rank, nom: July 7, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865 *Two-term Alabama legislator.
*1st Alabama Infantry: Colonel, March 28, 1861. *Resigned January 1862.
*Recruited 39th Alabama Infantry: Colonel, May 15, 1862. *Severely wounded at Stones River.
*Wounded at Chickamauga. *Led rear guard in retreat from Nashville.
Cleburne, Patrick R. Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1865
Major General
rank: December 13, 1862
nom: December 20, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Born March 17, 1828, County Cork, Ireland *Three years in British Army. *1st Arkansas Militia, Colonel, May 14, 1861.
*1st Arkansas Infantry: Colonel, July 23, 1861. *15th Arkansas Infantry: Colonel, October 15, 1861.
*Proposed abolition of slavery, arming slaves to fight for Confederacy in January 1864.
*Wounded at Richmond, Kentucky; Perryville. *Killed leading division at Franklin, November 30, 1864.
Clingman, Thomas Lanier Brigadier General
rank: May 17, 1862
nom: September 17, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *North Carolina legislator, 1835. *U.S. Representatives, March 4, 1843–March 3, 1845, March 4, 1847–March 7, 1858.
*U.S. Senator, May 7, 1858–withdrew March 28, 1861. *Refused to resign U.S. Senate seat, expelled.
*25th North Carolina Infantry: Colonel, August 13, 1861.
*Wounded at New Bern, North Carolina. *Badly wounded in battle along Weldon Railroad, August 1864.
Cobb, Howell Brigadier General
rank, nom. conf:
February 12, 1862
Major General
rank: September 9, 1862
nom: September 19, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *U.S. Treasury Secretary under President James Buchanan.
*16th Georgia Infantry: Colonel, July 15, 1861.
*Suggested a prisoner-of-war camp in southern Georgia, led to establishment of Andersonville.
*Vehemently opposed Robert E. Lee's proposal to enlist slaves into army.
*After receiving a presidential pardon in 1868, publicly denounced Reconstruction.
*Brother of Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb.
Cobb, Thomas Reade Rootes See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
Cocke, Philip St. George Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 21, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1832. *Resigned as 2d Lieutenant and Adjutant, U.S. Army, April 1, 1834.
*After John Brown's Harpers Ferry raid, organized militia in home county.
*Provisional Army of Virginia: Brigadier General, April 21, 1861.
*19th Virginia Infantry, Colonel, April 27, 1861. *Led troops at Blackburn's Ford, First Bull Run.
*Returned home after 8 months in ill health. *Suicide, December 26, 1861.
Cockrell, Francis M. Brigadier General
rank: July 18, 1863
nom: July 23, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Missouri State Guard, Captain, Brigadier General. *1st Missouri Infantry: Private, Captain, January 15, 1862.
*2d Missouri Infantry, Lt. Colonel, March 1862, Colonel, March 14, 1862.
*Wounded in Vicksburg, Atlanta campaigns. *Severely wounded at Franklin. *Captured at Fort Blakely (Mobile).
Colquitt, Alfred Holt Brigadier General
rank: September 1, 1862
nom: September 15, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *Mexican-American War: staff major. *U.S. Representative, March 4, 1853–March 3, 1855.
*Georgia legislator, 1859. *6th Georgia Infantry, Colonel, May 1861. *In command at Battle of Olustee, Florida.
Colston, Raleigh E. "Parlez" Brigadier General
nom: December 23, 1861
rank, conf: December 24, 1861 *Born October 21, 1825, Paris, France. *VMI, 1846. *16th Virginia Infantry, Colonel, May 2, 1861.
Conner, James Brigadier General (special)
nom: May 30, 1864
rank, conf: June 1, 1864 *U.S. District Attorney, 1856. *Prosecuted case of slave ship Echo.
*Hampton's Legion, Captain, May 1861, Major, July 21, 1861.
*22nd North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, June 13, 1862. *Wounded, fractured leg at Gaines Mill.
*Lost leg at Cedar Creek, Virginia skirmish, October 13, 1864.
Cook, Philip Brigadier General
rank: August 5, 1864
nom: August 8, 1864
conf: February 3, 1865 *Seminole War, 1836. *Georgia state senator.
*4th Georgia Infantry, Private, April 1861, Sergeant, May 1861, 1st Lieutenant, Assistant Adjutant General,
October 2, 1861, Lt. Colonel, August 1862, Colonel, November 1, 1862. *Wounded three times,
the last at Fort Stedman on March 25, 1865. *Captured while in hospital, Petersburg, Virginia, April 2, 1865.
Cooke, John Rogers Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *U.S. Army commission after college. *Son of Union Brigadier General (Brevet Major General) Philip St. George Cooke.
*Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 30, 1861.
*Assistant Quartermaster, Army of the Potomac, 1861. *Artillery, Aquia District, Virginia, 1861–1862.
*27th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, April 1862. *Wounded 7 times, skull fracture at Fredericksburg.
Cooper, Douglas H. Brigadier General
rank: May 2, 1863
nom: June 23, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Mexican-American War. *U.S. agent to Choctaw Nation, 1853.
*1st Choctaw and Chickasaw Mounted Rifles, Colonel, November 1861.
*Mainly stationed in Indian Territory.
*Superintendent of Indian Affairs. *Commanded Indian brigade in Sterling Price's Missouri campaign, 1864.
Cooper, Samuel Brigadier General
rank, nom, conf:
March 16, 1861
General (ACSA)
rank: May 16, 1861
nom, conf: August 31, 1861 *Born June 12, 1798, Dutchess County, New York. *USMA, 1815.
*Colonel and Adjutant General, U.S. Army, 1852. *Married a sister of U.S. Senator James Murray Mason of Virginia.
Resigned as Colonel, U.S. Army, March 7, 1861.
*Ranking general officer of the Confederate Army, May 16, 1861.
*Adjutant and Inspector General throughout the war.
*Never in field command but contributed valuable organizational skills.
Corse, Montgomery Dent Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Mexican-American War: Captain, 1st Virginia Volunteers. *Virginia militia: Major, April 10, 1861.
*17th Virginia Infantry: Colonel, June 10, 1861.
*Wounded three times. *Captured at Sayler's Creek.
Cosby, George B. Brigadier General
rank: January 20, 1863
nom: January 23, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863 *USMA, 1852. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 10, 1861. *Major, Assistant Adjutant General, June 20, 1861.
*Staff major for Buckner at Fort Donelson; Captured. *Exchanged August 15, 1862.
Cox, William Ruffin Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: May 31, 1864
nom, conf: June 2, 1864 *2nd North Carolina Infantry: Major, June 19, 1861, Lt. Colonel, September 17, 1862, Colonel, March 20, 1863.
*Wounded eleven times. *Died December 26, 1919, Richmond, Virginia, one of the last surviving Confederate generals.
Crittenden, George Bibb Brigadier General
nom: August 13, 1861
rank: August 15, 1861
conf: August 16, 1861
Major General
rank, nom: November 9, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
re-conf: February 17, 1862 *Brother of Union Major General Thomas L. Crittenden. *Black Hawk War. *Texas Army.
*Captured in Mier Expedition, exchanged. *U.S. Army Mounted Rifles, Captain, May 27, 1846. *Mexican-American War.
*Cashiered August 19, 1848, restored March 15, 1849. *Resigned as Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army, June 10, 1861.
*Resigned as major general after badly defeated at Fishing Creek (Mill Springs).
*Hardee ordered him arrested for drunkenness, April 1, 1862, restored, April 18, 1862.
*Court of inquiry ordered by Braxton Bragg, July 24, 1862.
*Resigned as major general, reverted to colonel, October 23, 1862.
Cumming, Alfred Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 29, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *USMA, 1849. *Utah War; Mormon Expedition. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, January 19, 1861.
*1st Georgia Infantry: Major, May 1861. *10th Georgia Infantry: Lt. Colonel, June 17, 1861, Colonel, September 25, 1861.
*Wounded at Malvern Hill, Antietam. *Captured at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863.
*Exchanged October 13, 1863. *Disabled by wounds at Jonesboro, August 31, 1864.
[edit]D
Name Rank Notes
Daniel, Junius Brigadier General
nrank: September 1, 1862
nom: September 15, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *USMA, 1851. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, January 14, 1858.
*14th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, June 3, 1861.
*45th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, April 14, 1862. *Wounded at Malvern Hill.
*Mortally wounded at "Bloody Angle" at Spotsylvania, May 12, 1864, died the next day.
Davidson, Henry B. Brigadier General
rank, nom: August 18, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *USMA, 1853. *Mexican-American War, enlisted at 15. *Served on frontier with U.S. Army.
*Dropped as Captain, U.S. Army, as AWOL, July 30, 1861.
*Confederate staff officer, major, April 1861, Colonel, June 1862.
*Captured at Island Number 10, April 4, 1862, exchanged August 15, 1862.
Davis, Joseph R. Brigadier General
rank: September 15, 1862
nom: September 26, 1862
conf: October 8, 1862 *Nephew of Jefferson Davis. *Mississippi legislator.
*10th Mississippi Infantry: Lt. Colonel, April 12, 1861.
*Jefferson Davis staff as Colonel, August 31, 1861. *Wounded at Gettysburg.
Davis, William G.M. Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 4, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *1st Florida Cavalry: raised, equipped, Lt. Colonel, November 4, 1861, Colonel, January 1, 1862.
*Served in East Tennessee. *Resigned May 6, 1863.
*Operated and managed blockade runners thereafter.
Dearing, James See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
*Warner lists as general; Eicher does not.
*Despite lack of Senate confirmation often identified as last Confederate general to die of wounds from battle.
Deas, Zachariah Cantey Brigadier General
rank: December 13, 1862
nom: December 20, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Mexican-American War. *Aide to Joseph E. Johnston, July 1861.
*22nd Alabama Infantry, Colonel, October 25, 1861.
*Badly wounded, in temporary brigade command at Shiloh.
*Wounded at Franklin.
De Lagnel, Julius A. Lt. Colonel
Brigadier General
rank: April 15, 1862
nom: April 16, 1862
conf: April 18, 1862
declined July 31, 1862 *U.S. Army officer, 1847–1861. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 17, 1861.
*Captain of Artillery, Army of the Northwest, June 1861. *Wounded defending Rich Mountain, June 11, 1861.
*Captured at Laurel Hill, July 13, 1861, exchanged December 18, 1861 for James B. Ricketts.
*Appointed brigadier general to rank from April 12, 1862. Confirmed but declined commission, July 31, 1862.
*Eicher, Warner nonetheless list as a general. *Briefly served as artillery major in Army of Northern Virginia.
*Served in ordnance bureau in Richmond and Fayetteville, North Carolina as Lt. Colonel.
Deshler, James See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
Dibrell, George Gibbs Brigadier General
rank: July 26, 1864
nom: January 24, 1865
conf: January 28, 1865 *Tennessee legislator. *Tennessee militia, Private, June 1861.
*25th Tennessee Infantry, Lt. Colonel, August 10, 1861.
*8th Tennessee Cavalry (13th Tennessee Cavalry), Colonel, September 1862.
*Cavalry brigade commander under Nathan Bedford Forrest, Joseph Wheeler.
*Run over by horse and incapacitated, May 1863. *Appointed brigadier general for new units. *Wounded twice.
Dockery, Thomas P. Brigadier General
rank: August 10, 1863
2d nom: June 1, 1864
conf: June 10, 1864 *5th Arkansas Militia, Colonel, June 1861. *19th Arkansas Infantry: Colonel, May 12, 1862.
*Commanded 2nd brigade under John S. Bowen at Vicksburg. *Captured, paroled, exchanged.
*Brigade command at Marks' Mills, Jenkins' Ferry.
Doles, George Pierce Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Georgia militia captain.
*4th Georgia Infantry: Captain, May 9, 1861, Colonel, May 26, 1862.
*Stationed near Norfolk, Virginia, first year of war. *Wounded at Malvern Hill.
*Killed at Totopotomoy Creek, also known as Bethesda Church, June 2, 1864, aged 34.
Donelson, Daniel Smith Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 9, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General (posthumous)
rank: January 17, 1863
nom: March 5, 1863
conf: April 22, 1863 *USMA, 1825. *Nephew of Andrew Jackson.
*Brother of Jackson's private secretary, Andrew Jackson Donelson, who adhered to the Union.
*Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, 1826. *Speaker of Tennessee House of Representatives.
*Tennessee Militia brigadier general. *Died from chronic diarrhea at Montvale Springs, Tennessee, April 17, 1863,
before major general promotion was confirmed; Senate was without knowledge Donelson died.
Drayton, Thomas F. Brigadier General
rank, nom:
September 25, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1828. *Brother of Union Navy Captain Percival Drayton.
*Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, August 15, 1836. *South Carolina legislator.
*In command at unsuccessful Battle of Port Royal. *Much criticized by superiors.
*Minor departmental command and boards of inquiry in the Trans–Mississippi Department after November 26, 1862.
Du Bose, Dudley M. Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: November 16, 1864
nom: November 30, 1864
conf: December 5, 1864 *Lieutenant, aide to Robert Toombs, July 1861. *15th Georgia Infantry: Colonel, January 1863.
*Wounded at Chickamauga. *Captured at Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865.
Duke, Basil W. Brigadier General
rank: September 15, 1864
nom: September 19, 1864
conf: January 17, 1865 *Supported secession of Missouri. *Brother-in-law of John Hunt Morgan.
*2nd Kentucky Cavalry: Private, soon 2nd Lieutenant, then 1st Lieutenant, November 1861.
*Wounded at Shiloh. *Lt. Colonel, August 1862, Colonel, December 7, 1862.
*Brigade command under Morgan, April 1863.
*Captured during Morgan's Ohio raid; prisoner at Buffington Island, Ohio for more than year, exchanged August 1864.
*Escort to Jefferson Davis and Confederate government at end of war.
*Died September 16, 1916, New York City, aged 78.
Duncan, Johnson K. Brigadier General
rank, conf: January 7, 1862
nom: January 9, 1862 *USMA, 1849. *Seminole Wars. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, January 31, 1855.
*1st Louisiana Heavy Artillery: Major, Colonel, 1861.
*Captured April 28, 1862 at Fort Jackson, Louisiana. *Exchanged August 15, 1862.
*Chief of staff to Braxton Bragg. *Died of typhoid fever, December 18, 1862, Knoxville Tennessee.
Dunovant, John See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
[edit]E
Name Rank Notes
Early, Jubal Anderson
"Jube" "Jubilee" Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 21, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank: January 17, 1863
nom: January 23, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863
Lieutenant General (temporary)
rank, nom, conf: May 31, 1864 *USMA, 1837. *Seminole War. *Mexican-American War. *Voted against secession in Virginia convention.
*Brigadier General of Virginia militia, April 10, 1861.
*24th Virginia Infantry, Colonel, May 21, 1861. *Wounded at Williamsburg.
*Led a Confederate army in the Valley Campaigns of 1864, including the Battles of Monocacy, Fort Stevens
and Cedar Creek. *Command dispersed at Waynesboro.
Echols, John Brigadier General
rank, nom: April 16, 1862
conf: April 18, 1862 *Virginia legislator. *27th Virginia Infantry: Lt. Colonel, May 30, 1861, Colonel, October 14, 1861.
*Severely wounded at the First Battle of Kernstown, March 23, 1862.
Ector, Mathew D. Brigadier General
rank: August 23, 1862
nom: September 15, 1862
conf: September 27, 1862 *Georgia state legislator. *Moved to Texas. *Mexican-American War. *Texas legislator, 1855.
*Texas Cavalry: Private, Lt. Colonel, May 1861. *J. L. Hogg's brigade, Adjutant, May 1862.
*14th Texas Cavalry (dismounted), Colonel, July 1862.
*Wounded at Chickamauga. *Lost leg at New Hope Church.
Elliott, Stephen Jr. Brigadier General (special)
rank, nom: May 24, 1864
conf: May 28, 1864 *11th South Carolina Infantry, Captain, June 12, 1861. *Wounded at Fort Beauregard, November 7, 1861.
*Head wound, Fort Sumter, December 11, 1863. *Holcombe's Legion, Colonel, April 20, 1864.
*Badly wounded deploying troops at the Crater. *Badly wounded at Bentonville.
*Elected to South Carolina State legislature in 1866 but died before serving, February 21, 1866, aged 35.
Elzey, Arnold Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 21, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank, nom: December 4, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *USMA, 1837. *Dropped last name of Jones. *Seminole Wars. *Mexican-American War.
*Resigned as Captain, 2nd Artillery, U.S. Army, April 25, 1861.
1st Maryland Infantry: Colonel, June 17, 1861. *Wounded at Cross Keys.
*Severely wounded at Gaines Mill. *Commanded Department of Richmond.
*Organized Local Defense Brigade. *Transferred to Artillery, Army of Tennessee, September 8, 1864.
Evans, Clement A. Brigadier General
rank, nom: May 19, 1864
conf: May 20, 1864 *Georgia State senator in 1859. *31st Georgia Infantry: Private, 1861, Major, November 18, 1861, Colonel, May 13, 1862.
*With Army of Northern Virginia from the Peninsula campaign until Appomattox.
*With Jubal Early in Valley Campaigns of 1865. *Wounded five times.
*Retired as minister, 1892, wrote 12-volume Confederate Military History, other works.
Evans, Nathan G. "Shanks" Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 1, 1861
conf: December 19, 1861 *USMA, 1848. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, February 27, 1861
*Major and Assistant Adjutant General, South Carolina militia, January 1861.
*Assistant Adjutant General, James Island Forces, April 1861–July 20, 1861.
*4th South Carolina Infantry, Colonel, July 1861. *Detected McDowell's turning movement at First Bull Run.
*Commanded at Ball's Bluff. *From early 1863 was in difficulty,
not in command due to apparent intoxication, presumed incompetence.
*Fell from horse, April 16, 1864. *Reconfirmed June 10, 1864.
Ewell, Richard Stoddert
"Baldy" Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 17, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank, conf: January 24, 1862
nom: January 17, 1862
Lieutenant General
rank, nom: May 23, 1863
conf: February 2, 1864 *USMA, 1837. *Mexican-American War. *Wounded by Apaches, 1859. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 7, 1861.
*Virginia Provisional Army, colonel of cavalry, May 9, 1861.
*First field officer wounded: at Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861).
*Lt. General to succeed Stonewall Jackson, commander, 2nd Corps, Army of Northern Virginia.
*Lost leg at Second Manassas (Groveton). *Commanded corps from Gettysburg to Spotsylvania.
*Hesitated to attack Culp's Hill and Cemetery Hill on first day at Gettysburg.
*In charge of defenses of Richmond, Virginia. *Wounded eight times. *Captured at Sayler's Creek.
[edit]F
Name Rank Notes
Fagan, James F. Brigadier General
rank: September 12, 1862
nom; September 26, 1862
conf: October 3, 1862
Major General (temporary)
April 25, 1864
nom: June 11, 1864
conf: June 13, 1864 *Mexican-American War. *One–term Arkansas legislator.
*1st Arkansas Infantry: Colonel, May 6, 1861.
*6th Arkansas Cavalry, Colonel, July 11, 1862.
*Fought at Prairie Grove, against Camden Expedition, during Price's 1864 Missouri Raid.
Featherston, Winfield Scott
"Swet" Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1862 *Creek War, 1837. *U.S. Representative from Mississippi, March 4, 1847–March 3, 1851.
CSA Infantry: Captain, May 21, 1861. *17th Mississippi Infantry: Colonel, June 4, 1861.
*Wounded at Frayser's Farm. *Transferred to Vicksburg, became separated from main army and avoided capture.
Ferguson, Samuel W. Brigadier General
rank: July 23, 1863
nom: July 28, 1863
conf: February 14, 1864 *USMA, 1857. *Utah War (Mormon Expedition). *Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 1, 1861.
*Served on Beauregard's staff from March 1861 until after Shiloh.
*28th Mississippi Cavalry, Lt. Colonel, February 24, 1862. *5th South Carolina Infantry: Colonel, May 7, 1863.
*Cavalry duty in Vicksburg campaign.
Field, Charles W. Brigadier General
rank: March 9, 1862
nom: March 11, 1862
conf: March 13, 1862
Major General
nom: February 6, 1864
rank, conf: February 12, 1864 *USMA, 1849. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 30, 1861.
*6th Virginia Cavalry: Major, June 1861, Lt. Colonel, July 1861,
Colonel, August 1861. *Brigadier general appointment reconfirmed March 18, 1862, transferred to infantry.
*Badly wounded at Second Bull Run. *Superintendent of Bureau of Conscription until recovery.
*Led Hood's old division for remaining campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia.
*Wounded at the Wilderness.
Finegan, Joseph Brigadier General
rank, nom, conf:
April 5, 1862 *Born Clones, Ireland. *In early 20s, emigrated to Florida, 1834.
*1st Florida Battalion: Lt. Colonel, January 14, 1862. *In charge of military affairs of State of Florida.
*Nominal command at Battle of Olustee. *Transferred with brigade of Florida regiments to Virginia, May, 1864.
*Fought at Cold Harbor, Petersburg. *Returned to duty in Florida, March 20, 1865.
Finley, Jesse Johnson Brigadier General
rank: November 16, 1863
nom: November 18, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Seminole War, Captain, 1836. *Served in legislatures of Arkansas and Florida.
*Mayor of Memphis, Tennessee. *Judge in Florida, 1852.
*Resigned as Confederate district judge to enlist as Private, March 1862, Captain, March 1862.
*6th Florida Infantry: Colonel, April 14, 1862. *Wounded at Resaca, Georgia.
*Severely wounded at Jonesboro, incapacitated for field duty.
Floyd, John Buchanan Brigadier General
rank, nom: May 23, 1861
August 28, 1861 *Virginia legislator, 1847. *Governor of Virginia, January 1, 1848–January 16, 1852.
*Secretary of War under President James Buchanan until December 29, 1860.
*Indicted by D.C. Grand Jury for conspiracy and treason, January 27, 1861.
*Provisional Army of Virginia, Major General.
*Transferred command of Fort Donelson to Gideon J. Pillow, escaped with his troops.
*Removed from command by Jefferson Davis, March 11, 1862.
*Virginia militia, Major General, May 17, 1862–August 26, 1863, when died at Abingdon, Virginia.
Forney, John H. Brigadier General
rank March 10, 1862
nom: March 11, 1862
conf: March 13, 1862
re-conf: March 18, 1862
Major General
rank, nom: October 27, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *USMA, 1852. *Younger brother of William Henry Forney.
*Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, January 23, 1861.
*Colonel, CSA and Inspector General of forces near Pensacola, March 7, 1861–June 4, 1861.
*10th Alabama Infantry: Colonel, June 4, 1861. *Wounded at Dranesville, December 20, 1861.
*Division command at Vicksburg; captured, exchanged October 13, 1863.
*In Trans–Mississippi Department in command of John G. Walker's former division.
Forney, William Henry Brigadier General
rank: February 15, 1865
nom: February 22, 1865
conf: February 23, 1865 *Older brother of John H. Forney. *Mexican-American War. *Alabama legislator, 1859.
*10th Alabama Infantry: Captain, June 4, 1861. *Wounded at Dranesville; 4 times in total.
*Wounded, left on field at Gettysburg, captured. *Prisoner for over a year. *Exchanged August 3, 1864.
Forrest, Nathan Bedford Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 21, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862
Major General
rank, nom: December 4, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864
Lieutenant General
rank: February 28, 1865
nom, conf: March 2, 1865 *Stockman, Blacksmith, Planter, Slave Trader. *7th Tennessee Cavalry: Private, June 14, 1861.
*Forrest's Cavalry Battalion, Lt. Colonel, October 1861. *3rd Tennessee Cavalry: Colonel, January 3, 1862.
*Led his troops out of Fort Donelson, with permission, before surrender.
*Brigade command, Army of Tennessee, at Shiloh.
*Captured Union garrison, supplies at Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
*Independent command in North Mississippi and West Tennessee.
*Routed superior force at Brice's Crossroads, June 1864; later at Tupelo.
*Overwhelmed at Selma, Alabama, surrendered, April 1865. *Wounded 9 times.
Frazer, John W. See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
French, Samuel Gibbs Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 23, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
Major General
rank: August 31, 1862
nom: October 22, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *USMA, 1843. *Mexican-American War; wounded.
*Resigned as Captain and Assistant Quartermaster, U.S. Army, May 13, 1856.
*Colonel, ordnance, Mississippi militia, February 12, 1861.
*Relieved before Nashville due to eye infection, temporary near blindness.
*Served and surrendered at Mobile. *Died April 20, 1910, aged 91.
Frost, Daniel M. Brigadier General
rank: March 3, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 10, 1862 *USMA, 1844. *Mexican-American War. *Wounded in head, damaged eyesight, 1852.
*Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 31, 1853. *Missouri Senator. *Missouri militia brigadier general.
*Surrendered Camp Jackson at St. Louis to Nathaniel Lyon, May 10, 1861.
*Captured, exchanged for James A. Mulligan, November 1, 1861.
*Left army without resigning, went to Mexico, Cuba and Canada when wife banished from home near St. Louis.
*Dropped from army rolls, December 9, 1863. *Returned to Missouri, 1865.
Fry, Birkett Davenport Brigadier General (special)
nom: May 14, 1864
rank, conf: May 24, 1864 *Attended VMI; USMA. *Dropped out of college to study law. *Mexican-American War.
*With filibuster William Walker in Nicaragua. *13th Alabama Infantry: Colonel, July 19, 1861.
*Severely wounded at Seven Pines, Antietam and Chancellorsville. *Commanded Archer's brigade at Gettysburg.
*Wounded in Pickett's Charge, captured and exchanged April 5, 1864. *Wounded 4 times.
[edit]G
Name Rank Notes
Gano, Richard Montgomery Brigadier General
rank: March 17, 1865
nom, conf: March 18, 1865 *Military service against Indians. *Doctor; Texas legislator. *Gano's Texas Cavalry, Captain, March 1862;
Major, July 4, 1862. *7th Kentucky Cavalry, Colonel, September 1, 1862. *Transferred to Indian Territory.
*Wounded in Camden campaign.
Gardner, Franklin Brigadier General
April 11, 1862
nom: April 12, 1862
conf: April 19, 1862
Major General
rank: December 13, 1862
nom: December 20, 1862
re-nom: June 6, 1864
conf: June 10, 1864 *Born in New York City. *USMA, 1843. *Mexican-American War. *Wife was from Louisiana.
*Dropped as Captain, U.S. Army, for abandoning post, May 7, 1861.
*CSA Captain, Assistant Adjutant General, September 11, 1861.
*Major General to rank from December 13, 1862, not confirmed until June 10, 1864.
*In command and surrendered Port Hudson, Louisiana; captured. *Exchanged in August 1864.
*Brother and father (retired veteran and U.S. Treasury clerk until 1867) adhered to the Union.
Gardner, William M. Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 14, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
re-conf: June 10, 1864 *USMA, 1846. *Mexican-American War; wounded. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, January 19, 1861.
*8th Georgia Infantry: Lt. Colonel, May 1861, Colonel, July 21, 1861. *Leg shattered by a ball at First Bull Run.
*Commanded District of Middle Florida, participated in Battle of Olustee
*Command of military prisons east of the Mississippi in 1864. *Commandant of post at Richmond, Virginia at end of the war.
Garland, Samuel Jr. Brigadier General
rank: May 23, 1862
nom: September 23, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862
(posthumous) *VMI, 1849. *11th Virginia Infantry: Captain, April 24, 1861, Colonel, July 1861.
*Wounded at Williamsburg. *Killed September 14, 1862, at Fox's Gap, South Mountain, Maryland, aged 31.
*Posthumous confirmation as brigadier general. *Eicher, Warner nonetheless list as a general.
Garnett, Richard B. Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 14, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1841. *Seminole Wars. *No active service in Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 17, 1861.
*Major, ACSA Artillery, May 1861. *Georgia Legion, Lt. Colonel, August 31, 1861.
*Arrested, probably unfairly, by Stonewall Jackson for neglect of duty; court martial never concluded.
*Killed at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863, in Pickett's Charge, aged 45.
*Cousin of Robert S. Garnett.
Garnett, Robert S. Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 6, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861 (posthumous) *USMA, 1841. *Mexican-American War. *Commandant of cadets at West Point, November 1, 1852–July 31, 1854.
*Resigned as Major, U.S. Army, April 30, 1861. *Colonel, Virginia Provisional Army.
*In command in northwestern Virginia, June 8, 1861. *Retreated after Rich Mountain, Laurel Hill.
*Killed at Corrick's Ford, (West) Virginia, on the Cheat River, July 13, 1861. *Posthumous confirmation.
*Eicher, Warner list as a general. *Often shown as first general killed in Civil War, before First Bull Run.
*Cousin of Richard B. Garnett.
Garrott, Isham Warren See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
*Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
Gartrell, Lucius Jeremiah Brigadier General
rank: August 22, 1864
nom: August 23, 1864
conf: January 17, 1865 *Georgia legislator. *U.S. Representative from Georgia, March 4, 1857–withdrew January 23, 1861.
*7th Georgia Infantry: Colonel, May 31, 1861. *Confederate Congressman, February 18, 1862–February 17, 1864.
*Opposed Sherman in South Carolina with Georgia reserves regiments. *Wounded at Coosawhatchie.
Gary, Martin Witherspoon
"Bald Eagle", "Mart" Brigadier General
rank: May 19, 1864
nom: June 13, 1864
conf: June 14, 1864 *South Carolina legislator.
*Hampton's Legion: Captain, June 12, 1861, Lt. Colonel, June 16, 1862, Colonel, August 25, 1862.
*Escaped from Appomattox Court House and helped escort Jefferson Davis and cabinet south.
*Last meeting of cabinet at his mother's home in Cokesbury, South Carolina.
Gatlin, Richard C. Brigadier General
rank: July 8, 1861
nom: August 13, 1861
conf: August 16, 1861 *USMA, 1832. *Mexican-American War, wounded. *Resigned as Major, U.S. Army, May 29, 1861.
*Criticized for loss of Fort Hatteras, New Bern. *Relieved of command March 19, 1862.
*Resigned Confederate commission September 8, 1862.
*Major General and Adjutant General of North Carolina militia, September 1862–April 26, 1865.
Gholson, Samuel J. Brigadier General
rank: May 6, 1864
nom: May 25, 1864
conf: June 1, 1864 *Mississippi legislator 3 times. *U.S. Representative from Mississippi, part of two terms. *U.S. District Judge, 1839–1861.
*14th Mississippi Infantry: Private, January 1861, Captain May 1861, Colonel, October 1861.
*Wounded, captured at Fort Donelson. *Exchanged August 15, 1862. *Wounded at Second Corinth.
*Wounded at Jackson, Mississippi, June 6, 1864. *Lost arm and captured at Egypt, Mississippi, December 28, 1864.
Gibson, Randall Lee Brigadier General (special)
rank: January 11, 1864
nom: January 28, 1864
conf: February 1, 1864 *U.S. attache, Madrid, Spain. *Aide to Louisiana Governor Moore. *1st Louisiana Artillery, Captain, May 8, 1861.
*13th and 20th Louisiana Infantry: Colonel, November 30, 1862. *Captured at Cuba Station, Alabama, May 8, 1865.
Gilmer, Jeremy Francis See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
*Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
Girardey, Victor J. B. See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate). *Eicher says not confirmed.
*Warner lists as a general, says received commission August 3, 1864.
Gist, States Rights Brigadier General
nom: March 19, 1862
rank, conf: May 20, 1862 *Brigadier General of state militia, 1859. *Colonel and aide to Barnard Bee at First Bull Run where wounded.
*Wounded in hand at Atlanta, July 22, 1864.
*Mortally wounded at Franklin, died at field hospital the same day, November 30, 1864.
Gladden, Adley H. Brigadier General
rank, nom: September 30, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *Seminole War. *Major, Lt. Colonel of Palmetto Regiment in Mexican-American War.
*Severely wounded at Battle of Belen Gate.
*Lt. Colonel of 1st South Carolina regiment but resigned to become secession convention delegate.
*1st Louisiana Infantry Regiment: Colonel, February 21, 1861.
*Mortally wounded at Shiloh; died 6 days later, April 12, 1862, aged 51.
Godwin, Archibald C. See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
*Warner lists as a general; Eicher says appointment unconfirmed at death.
Goggin, James M. See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
*Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
Gordon, George Washington Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: August 15, 1864
nom: August 16, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865 *11th Tennessee Infantry: 1st Lieutenant, drillmaster, May 1861, Captain, July 1861, Lt. Colonel, May 27, 1862.
*Captured at Tazewell, Tennessee and exchanged in November 1862. *Colonel, December 1862.
*Wounded and captured at Stones River. *Exchanged 1863.
*Led Vaughn's Brigade at Franklin, November 30, 1864; wounded and captured.
*Prisoner until paroled July 24, 1865.
Gordon, James Byron Brigadier General
rank: September 28, 1863
nom: September 29, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *North Carolina legislator, 1850. *1st North Carolina Infantry: 1st Lieutenant, April 1861.
*9th North Carolina Cavalry: Captain, May 8, 1861, Major, May 16, 1861. *1st North Carolina Cavalry: Colonel, July 23, 1863.
*Wounded at Auburn, Virginia, October 14, 1863. *Mortally wounded at Meadow Bridge, Virginia, May 12, 1864.
*Died May 18, 1864, Richmond, Virginia.
Gordon, John Brown Brigadier General
rank: May 7, 1863
nom: MAy 11, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864
Major General
rank, nom, conf:
May 14, 1864 *6th Alabama Infantry: Captain, April 15, 1861, Major, May 14, 1861, Lt. Colonel, December 26, 1861, Colonel, April 28, 1862.
*Severely wounded at Antietam. *Earlier brigadier general nomination November 1, 1862 to rank from that date not confirmed.
Gorgas, Josiah Brigadier General (special)
rank: November 10, 1864
nom: November 15, 1864
conf: November 19, 1864 *USMA, 1841. *Born in Pennsylvania; married daughter of ex-Governor Gayle of Alabama.
*Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, April 3, 1861. *Major, Chief of ordnance of Confederate States, 1861–1865.
*Kept armies supplied with arms and ammunition. *Ran five blockade runners for ordnance department.
Govan, Daniel C. Brigadier General
rank: December 29, 1863
nom: January 9, 1864
conf: February 5, 1864 *Captain, Arkansas Militia, May 1861. *2nd Arkansas Infantry: Lt. Colonel, June 5, 1861, Colonel, January 28, 1862.
*Captured at Jonesboro, September 1, 1864. *Exchanged for George Stoneman, October 2, 1864. *Wounded at Nashville.
Gracie, Archibald Jr. Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 4, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Born in New York City. *USMA, 1854. *Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 3, 1856.
*Married Josephine Mayo of Richmond. *Captain of a Mobile militia company.
*3rd Alabama Infantry: Captain, April 18, 1861. *11th Alabama Infantry: Major, July 12, 1861.
*43rd Alabama Infantry: Colonel, May 15, 1862. *Severely wounded at Bean's Station, Tennessee.
*Killed December 2, 1864, at Petersburg, aged 31. *Other family members adhered to the Union.
Granbury, Hiram B. Brigadier General (special)
rank: February 29, 1864
nom: March 5, 1864
conf: May 11, 1864 *Chief justice (chairman of county supervisors) of McLennan County, 1856–1858.
*7th Texas Infantry: Captain, May 1861, Major, November 1861, Colonel, August 29, 1862.
*Captured at Fort Donelson, February 16, 1862. *Exchanged August 15, 1862. *Wounded at Chickamauga.
*Killed at Franklin, November 30, 1864.
Gray, Henry Brigadier General
rank: March 17, 1865
nom, conf: March 18, 1865 *Mississippi legislator for one term. *Louisiana legislator, 1860.
*Enlisted as Private. *Organized 28th Louisiana Infantry at request of Jefferson Davis; Colonel, May 2, 1862.
*Wounded at Bayou Teche. *At times in brigade command. *Original nomination of April 8, 1864 not confirmed.
*Elected as Confederate Congressman from North Carolina without his knowledge.
*Eicher says: Representative from Louisiana, December 28, 1864–March 17, 1865.
Grayson, John B. Brigadier General
nom: August 13, 1861
nom: August 15, 1861
conf: August 16, 1861 *USMA, 1826. *Seminole Wars. *Mexican-American War.
*Resigned as Major, U.S. Army, and commissary of subsistence, July 1, 1861.
*Brigadier General, North Carolina Militia, 1861. *Assigned to Department of Middle and Eastern Florida.
*Died from disease of lungs (tuberculosis, pneumonia), October 21, 1861, Tallahassee, Florida.
Green, Martin E. Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 23, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *Organized and elected Colonel, July 1861, of Missouri cavalry command under Sterling Price.
*Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard, December 2, 1861. *Colonel, CSA, April 1862.
*Wounded at Vicksburg, June 25, 1863. *Killed while looking over the parapet at Vicksburg, June 27, 1863.
Green, Thomas Brigadier General
rank: May 20, 1863
nom: May 23, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *Fought at San Jacinto. *Mexican-American War.
*Clerk of the Texas Supreme Court, 1841–1861. *5th Texas Cavalry: Colonel, August 20, 1861.
*Fought at Galveston, January 1863. *Killed by a shell from a Union gunboat, April 12, 1864, Blair's Landing, Louisiana.
Greer, Elkanah Brigadier General
nom: October 4, 1862
rank, conf: October 8, 1862 *Mexican-American War. *3rd Texas Cavalry: Colonel, July 1, 1861.
*Wounded at Pea Ridge. *Chief of bureau of conscription in Trans–Mississippi Department, October 8, 1862–May 26, 1865.
*Commanded reserve forces of department during 1864 operations and March–May, 1865.
Gregg, John Brigadier General
rank: August 29, 1862
nom: September 15, 1862
conf: September 27, 1862 *Judge. *Member of Texas secession convention. *Resigned from Provisional Confederate Congress in 1861.
*7th Texas Infantry: Colonel, September 1861. *Captured at Fort Donelson. *Exchanged August 15, 1862.
*Severely wounded at Chickamauga. *Killed at Battle of Darbytown and New Market Roads, October 7, 1864.
Gregg, Maxcy Brigadier General
rank, nom: December 14, 1861
conf: December 24, 1861 *Mexican-American War: Major, 12th U.S. Infantry; discharged July 25, 1848.
*1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry: Colonel, January 25, 1861. *1st South Carolina Infantry: Colonel, July 25, 1861.
*Wounded at Antietam. *Mortally wounded at Fredericksburg; died December 15, 1862.
Griffith, Richard Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 2, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *Born in Philadelphia. *Mexican-American War. *Mississippi State treasurer, 2 terms. *Brigadier general, Mississippi Militia.
*12th Mississippi Infantry: Colonel, May 23, 1861. *Brigade command at Seven Days' Battles.
*Mortally wounded June 29, 1862 at Savage's Station, died the same day in Richmond.
Grimes, Bryan Brigadier General
rank: May 19, 1864
nom: May 28, 1864
conf: June 1, 1864
Major General
rank: February 15, 1865
nom: February 22, 1865
conf: February 23, 1865 *Member of North Carolina secession convention.
*4th North Carolina Infantry: Major, May 16, 1861, Lt. Colonel, May 1, 1862, Colonel, June 19, 1862.
*Wounded 4 times.
*Last Army o
Name Rank Notes
Cabell, William L. Brigadier General
rank: January 20, 1863
nom: January 30, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863 *USMA, 1850. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, April 20, 1861. *Chief Quartermaster at First Bull Run.
*Organized Quartermaster corps at Richmond, 1861. *Cavalry commander. *Wounded twice.
*Captured at Mine Creek, Kansas, during Price's 1864 Missouri Raid.
*Prisoner, October 1864–August 1865.
Campbell, Alexander William Brigadier General
rank: March 1, 1865
nom, conf: March 2, 1865 *Mayor of Jackson, Tennessee, 1856. *Private, 1861, then Major and
Assistant Inspector General, Provisional Army of Tennessee.
*33rd Tennessee Infantry: Colonel, October 18, 1861. *Severely wounded at Shiloh.
*Captured at Lexington, Tennessee, July 1863, on a mission for governor.
*Exchanged December 1864.
Cantey, James Brigadier General
rank, nom: January 8, 1863
conf: April 22, 1863 *Two-term South Carolina legislator. *Mexican-American War.
*15th Alabama Infantry: Colonel, July 27, 1861. *Frequently in ill health.
Capers, Ellison Brigadier General
rank: March 1, 1865
nom, conf: March 2, 1865 *South Carolina Military Academy, 1857. *South Carolina Infantry, Major, April 1861.
*24th South Carolina Infantry: Lt. Colonel, April 1, 1862, Colonel, January 20, 1864.
*Wounded three times. *Captured at Bentonville.
Carroll, William Henry Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 26, 1861
conf: December 20, 1861 *Eldest son of six-term governor of Tennessee, William Carroll.
*37th Tennessee Infantry:, Colonel, July 9, 1861.
*Proclaimed martial law in Knoxville, Tennessee.
*Arrested by Hardee for drunkenness, incompetency and neglect.
*Resigned February 1, 1863 and went to Canada.
Carter, John C. Colonel
Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: July 7, 1864
nom: July 8, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865
(posthumous) *22nd Tennessee Infantry: 1st Lieutenant, August 18, 1861.
*38th Tennessee Infantry: Captain, September 23, 1861, Major, 1861, Lt. Colonel, 1862, Colonel, April 25, 1862.
*Wounded at Perryville. *Mortally wounded at Franklin.
*Died December 10, 1864 at the Harrison home, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of battlefield, aged 26.
*Posthumous confirmation. *Eicher, Warner list as a general.
Chalmers, James R. Brigadier General
nom: February 10, 1862
rank: February 13, 1862
conf: February 17, 1862
re-conf: February 7, 1864 *9th Mississippi Infantry: Colonel, March 27, 1861.
*Wounded at Stones River and Collierville, Tennessee.
Chambliss, John R. Brigadier General (special)
rank: December 19, 1863
nom: January 9, 1864
conf: January 27, 1864 *USMA, 1853. *Resigned as Brevet 2d Lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 4, 1854.
*Militia officer, aide to Virginia governor.
*41st Virginia Infantry: Colonel, May 1861. *13th Virginia Cavalry: Colonel, July 13, 1861.
*Killed August 16, 1864 at engagement near Deep Bottom, Virginia, on Charles City Road.
Cheatham, Benjamin F. Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 9, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank: March 10, 1862
nom: March 11, 1862
conf: March 13, 1862 *Mexican-American War: Colonel, 3rd Tennessee Infantry.
*Major General, Tennessee militia.
*Wounded at Shiloh, Ezra Church.
*Hood charged he allowed Union troops to escape from Spring Hill, Tennessee in November 1864.
*Historians such as Ezra J. Warner side with Cheatham.
Chesnut, James Jr. Brigadier General
rank, nom: April 23, 1864
conf: June 9, 1864 *Husband of diarist Mary Boykin Chesnut. *South Carolina legislator.
*U.S. Senator from South Carolina, December 3, 1858–November 10, 1860.
*Provisional Confederate Congress delegate, February 1861.
*Colonel, aide to Beauregard at Fort Sumter. *Staff of Jefferson Davis.
*Commanded Reserve Forces of South Carolina, April 30, 1864–May 10, 1865.
Chilton, Robert H. Brigadier General (special)
rank: December 21, 1863
nom: December 22, 1863
conf: February 16, 1864 *USMA, 1837. *Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Major and Paymaster, U.S. Army, April 29, 1861.
*Virginia Provisional Army: Colonel, cavalry. *Adjutant and Inspector General Department, C.S.A., Lt. Colonel.
*Chief of staff to Robert E. Lee. *Inspector General of Army of Northern Virginia.
*First brigadier general nomination rejected by Confederate Senate, April 11, 1863.
*Relieved of field duty, April 1864.
*Finished war as Lt. Colonel, then Colonel, inspection branch, Department of Richmond.
Churchill, Thomas J. Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1862
Major General (temporary)
rank: March 17, 1865
nom, conf: March 18, 1865 *Mexican-American War: captured, exchanged. *Recruited First Arkansas Mounted Rifles, Colonel, June 9, 1861.
*Surrendered at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863. *Exchanged April 1863.
*May 13, 1864 promotion to major general by E. Kirby Smith rescinded by Jefferson Davis.
Clanton, James H. Brigadier General
rank: November 16, 1863
nom: November 18, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Mexican-American War private. *Alabama legislator. *CSA Alabama Cavalry: Captain, November 12, 1861.
*1st Alabama Cavalry: Colonel, December 3, 1861. *Resigned 1862.
*Aide to John G. Shorter, Braxton Bragg, Leonidas Polk.
*Cavalry brigade commander from June 1864. *Badly wounded, captured, Bluff Spring, Florida, March 1865.
Clark, Charles Brigadier General
rank, nom: May 22, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861 *Mississippi legislator, 1838–1844. *Mexican-American War: volunteer colonel from Mississippi.
*Severely wounded at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 1862.
*Captured; exchanged February 1863. *Resigned October 31, 1863.
*Governor of Mississippi, November 16, 1863–May 22, 1865.
Clark, John Bullock Jr. Brigadier General
rank: March 8, 1864
nom: March 12, 1864
conf: May 11, 1864 *6th Missouri Infantry, Missouri State Guard: Lieutenant, Captain, Major, July 1861, Colonel, June 28, 1862.
*Wounded at Wilson's Creek. *9th Missouri Infantry, Colonel, November 16, 1862.
*Wounded at Jenkins' Ferry.
Clayton, Henry DeLamar Brigadier General
rank: April 22, 1863
nom: April 23, 1863
conf: April 25, 1863
Major General (temporary)
rank, nom: July 7, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865 *Two-term Alabama legislator.
*1st Alabama Infantry: Colonel, March 28, 1861. *Resigned January 1862.
*Recruited 39th Alabama Infantry: Colonel, May 15, 1862. *Severely wounded at Stones River.
*Wounded at Chickamauga. *Led rear guard in retreat from Nashville.
Cleburne, Patrick R. Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1865
Major General
rank: December 13, 1862
nom: December 20, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Born March 17, 1828, County Cork, Ireland *Three years in British Army. *1st Arkansas Militia, Colonel, May 14, 1861.
*1st Arkansas Infantry: Colonel, July 23, 1861. *15th Arkansas Infantry: Colonel, October 15, 1861.
*Proposed abolition of slavery, arming slaves to fight for Confederacy in January 1864.
*Wounded at Richmond, Kentucky; Perryville. *Killed leading division at Franklin, November 30, 1864.
Clingman, Thomas Lanier Brigadier General
rank: May 17, 1862
nom: September 17, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *North Carolina legislator, 1835. *U.S. Representatives, March 4, 1843–March 3, 1845, March 4, 1847–March 7, 1858.
*U.S. Senator, May 7, 1858–withdrew March 28, 1861. *Refused to resign U.S. Senate seat, expelled.
*25th North Carolina Infantry: Colonel, August 13, 1861.
*Wounded at New Bern, North Carolina. *Badly wounded in battle along Weldon Railroad, August 1864.
Cobb, Howell Brigadier General
rank, nom. conf:
February 12, 1862
Major General
rank: September 9, 1862
nom: September 19, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *U.S. Treasury Secretary under President James Buchanan.
*16th Georgia Infantry: Colonel, July 15, 1861.
*Suggested a prisoner-of-war camp in southern Georgia, led to establishment of Andersonville.
*Vehemently opposed Robert E. Lee's proposal to enlist slaves into army.
*After receiving a presidential pardon in 1868, publicly denounced Reconstruction.
*Brother of Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb.
Cobb, Thomas Reade Rootes See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
Cocke, Philip St. George Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 21, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1832. *Resigned as 2d Lieutenant and Adjutant, U.S. Army, April 1, 1834.
*After John Brown's Harpers Ferry raid, organized militia in home county.
*Provisional Army of Virginia: Brigadier General, April 21, 1861.
*19th Virginia Infantry, Colonel, April 27, 1861. *Led troops at Blackburn's Ford, First Bull Run.
*Returned home after 8 months in ill health. *Suicide, December 26, 1861.
Cockrell, Francis M. Brigadier General
rank: July 18, 1863
nom: July 23, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Missouri State Guard, Captain, Brigadier General. *1st Missouri Infantry: Private, Captain, January 15, 1862.
*2d Missouri Infantry, Lt. Colonel, March 1862, Colonel, March 14, 1862.
*Wounded in Vicksburg, Atlanta campaigns. *Severely wounded at Franklin. *Captured at Fort Blakely (Mobile).
Colquitt, Alfred Holt Brigadier General
rank: September 1, 1862
nom: September 15, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *Mexican-American War: staff major. *U.S. Representative, March 4, 1853–March 3, 1855.
*Georgia legislator, 1859. *6th Georgia Infantry, Colonel, May 1861. *In command at Battle of Olustee, Florida.
Colston, Raleigh E. "Parlez" Brigadier General
nom: December 23, 1861
rank, conf: December 24, 1861 *Born October 21, 1825, Paris, France. *VMI, 1846. *16th Virginia Infantry, Colonel, May 2, 1861.
Conner, James Brigadier General (special)
nom: May 30, 1864
rank, conf: June 1, 1864 *U.S. District Attorney, 1856. *Prosecuted case of slave ship Echo.
*Hampton's Legion, Captain, May 1861, Major, July 21, 1861.
*22nd North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, June 13, 1862. *Wounded, fractured leg at Gaines Mill.
*Lost leg at Cedar Creek, Virginia skirmish, October 13, 1864.
Cook, Philip Brigadier General
rank: August 5, 1864
nom: August 8, 1864
conf: February 3, 1865 *Seminole War, 1836. *Georgia state senator.
*4th Georgia Infantry, Private, April 1861, Sergeant, May 1861, 1st Lieutenant, Assistant Adjutant General,
October 2, 1861, Lt. Colonel, August 1862, Colonel, November 1, 1862. *Wounded three times,
the last at Fort Stedman on March 25, 1865. *Captured while in hospital, Petersburg, Virginia, April 2, 1865.
Cooke, John Rogers Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *U.S. Army commission after college. *Son of Union Brigadier General (Brevet Major General) Philip St. George Cooke.
*Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 30, 1861.
*Assistant Quartermaster, Army of the Potomac, 1861. *Artillery, Aquia District, Virginia, 1861–1862.
*27th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, April 1862. *Wounded 7 times, skull fracture at Fredericksburg.
Cooper, Douglas H. Brigadier General
rank: May 2, 1863
nom: June 23, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Mexican-American War. *U.S. agent to Choctaw Nation, 1853.
*1st Choctaw and Chickasaw Mounted Rifles, Colonel, November 1861.
*Mainly stationed in Indian Territory.
*Superintendent of Indian Affairs. *Commanded Indian brigade in Sterling Price's Missouri campaign, 1864.
Cooper, Samuel Brigadier General
rank, nom, conf:
March 16, 1861
General (ACSA)
rank: May 16, 1861
nom, conf: August 31, 1861 *Born June 12, 1798, Dutchess County, New York. *USMA, 1815.
*Colonel and Adjutant General, U.S. Army, 1852. *Married a sister of U.S. Senator James Murray Mason of Virginia.
Resigned as Colonel, U.S. Army, March 7, 1861.
*Ranking general officer of the Confederate Army, May 16, 1861.
*Adjutant and Inspector General throughout the war.
*Never in field command but contributed valuable organizational skills.
Corse, Montgomery Dent Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Mexican-American War: Captain, 1st Virginia Volunteers. *Virginia militia: Major, April 10, 1861.
*17th Virginia Infantry: Colonel, June 10, 1861.
*Wounded three times. *Captured at Sayler's Creek.
Cosby, George B. Brigadier General
rank: January 20, 1863
nom: January 23, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863 *USMA, 1852. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 10, 1861. *Major, Assistant Adjutant General, June 20, 1861.
*Staff major for Buckner at Fort Donelson; Captured. *Exchanged August 15, 1862.
Cox, William Ruffin Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: May 31, 1864
nom, conf: June 2, 1864 *2nd North Carolina Infantry: Major, June 19, 1861, Lt. Colonel, September 17, 1862, Colonel, March 20, 1863.
*Wounded eleven times. *Died December 26, 1919, Richmond, Virginia, one of the last surviving Confederate generals.
Crittenden, George Bibb Brigadier General
nom: August 13, 1861
rank: August 15, 1861
conf: August 16, 1861
Major General
rank, nom: November 9, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
re-conf: February 17, 1862 *Brother of Union Major General Thomas L. Crittenden. *Black Hawk War. *Texas Army.
*Captured in Mier Expedition, exchanged. *U.S. Army Mounted Rifles, Captain, May 27, 1846. *Mexican-American War.
*Cashiered August 19, 1848, restored March 15, 1849. *Resigned as Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army, June 10, 1861.
*Resigned as major general after badly defeated at Fishing Creek (Mill Springs).
*Hardee ordered him arrested for drunkenness, April 1, 1862, restored, April 18, 1862.
*Court of inquiry ordered by Braxton Bragg, July 24, 1862.
*Resigned as major general, reverted to co |
|
|
ee, William Henry Fitzhugh
"Rooney" Brigadier General
rank: September 15, 1862
nom: September 26, 1862
conf: October 3, 1862
Major General
rank, nom: April 23, 1864
conf: June 9, 1864 *Second oldest son of Robert E. Lee. Commissioned into U.S. Army for two years, resigned as 2nd lieutenant, May 31, 1857.
*Captain, Virginia Provisional Army, May 10, 1861. *9th Virginia Cavalry: Major, May 1861, Lt. Colonel, January 18, 1862, Colonel, April 28, 1862.
*Participated in most campaigns of Cavalry Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia.
*Unhorsed and run over, Boonsboro, Maryland, September 15, 1862.
*Severely wounded at Brandy Station, June 1863. *Captured while recovering, at Hickory Hill, Virginia, June 26, 1863.
*Exchanged February 25, 1864 for Neal Dow.
Leventhorpe, Collett Brigadier General (special)
rank: February 3, 1865
nom: February 14, 1865
conf: February 18, 1865
declined: March 6, 1865 *Captain in British Army. *Moved to North Carolina; married into prominent family. *34th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, October 25, 1861.
*11th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, April 2, 1862. *Badly wounded at Gettysburg, captured. *Exchanged March 10, 1864.
*Then, appointed brigadier general of North Carolina state forces and operated on the Roanoke River and Weldon Railroad until the end of the war.
*For unknown reasons, declined appointment as brigadier general, CSA, on March 6, 1865; remained with state troops collecting stragglers.
*Warner, Eicher list as a general.
Lewis, Joseph Horace Brigadier General
rank: September 30, 1863
nom: October 1, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *Three-term Kentucky legislator. *Colonel, Kentucky Militia. *6th Kentucky Infantry, Colonel, November 1, 1861.
*Command of Orphan Brigade after death of Ben Hardin Helm.
*After fall of Atlanta, brigade was mounted, attached to Wheeler's cavalry corps.
*Opposed Sherman's March to the Sea, Carolinas campaign. *Surrendered as part of Jefferson Davis's escort
Lewis, William Gaston Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: May 31, 1864
nom, conf: June 2, 1864 *Served in Bethel Regiment, 1st North Carolina Infantry, from April 21, 1861.
*33rd North Carolina Infantry, Major, January 17, 1862. *43rd North Carolina Infantry, Lt. Colonel, April 25, 1862, Colonel, April 22, 1863.
*Wounded at Stephenson's Depot, Virginia, July 20, 1864. *Wounded and captured at Farmville, April 7, 1865.
Liddell, St. John Richardson Brigadier General
rank: July 12, 1862
nom: July 17, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *Killed two men in duels, 1852. *Colonel, aide for Hardee, September 15, 1861– January 1862.
*Confidential courier for Albert Sidney Johnston, January 1862– April 6, 1862.
*Aide to Beauregard, April 6, 1862–June 14, 1862.
Lilley, Robert Doak Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: May 31, 1864
nom, conf: June 2, 1864 *25th Virginia Infantry, Captain, May 25, 1861, Major, January 28, 1863, Lt. Colonel, August 20, 1863. *Wounded 3 times.
*Captured near Winchester, Virginia when wounded in July 1864 reconnaissance. *Arm amputated, released July 24, 1864.
*In charge of reserve units in Shenandoah Valley thereafter.
Little, Lewis Henry Brigadier General
nom: April 5, 1862
rank, conf: April 16, 1862 *Commissioned directly into U.S. Army, 1839. *Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 7, 1861.
*Major of artillery, May 1861. *Colonel and Assistant Adjutant General on staff of Sterling Price, August 1861.
*Missouri State Guard, May 18, 1861–January 23, 1862, Colonel, Assistant Adjutant General.
*While talking with Price, Louis Hebert and Whitfield at Iuka, September 19, 1862, a ball struck Little in the forehead, killing him instantly.
Logan, Thomas Muldrup Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: February 15, 1865
nom: February 22, 1865
conf: February 23, 1865 *Hampton's Legion, 1st Lieutenant, May 1861, Captain, July 1861, Major, September 17, 1862,
Lt. Colonel, December 1862, Colonel, May 19, 1864.
*Wounded at Gaines Mill and at Riddell's Shop, Virginia, June 13, 1864.
*Commanded brigade in South Carolina with Wade Hampton III.
Lomax, Lunsford L. Brigadier General
rank: July 23, 1863
nom: July 30, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864
Major General (temporary)
rank, nom: August 10, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865 *USMA, 1856. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 25, 1861.
*Staff officer until 1863. *Inspector General of Army of West Tennessee.
*11th Virginia Cavalry, Colonel, February 8, 1863.
*Commanded cavalry in Valley Campaign of 1864, including Winchester, Cedar Creek.
Long, Armistead L. Brigadier General (artillery)
rank, nom: September 21, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *USMA, 1850. *Resigned as aide to U.S. Brig. Gen. Edwin V. Sumner, Sr., and as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, June 10, 1861.
*Major of artillery, July 1861, in Confederate service, then staff officer, April 21, 1862.
*Became military secretary to Robert E. Lee when Lee took command of Army of Northern Virginia.
*Assigned to command artillery of 2nd Corps, September 23, 1863–April 9, 1865.
Longstreet, James
"Pete", "Old Pete" Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 17, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank, nom: October 7, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
Lt. General
rank: October 9, 1862
nom: October 10, 1862
conf: October 11, 1862 *USMA, 1842. *Indian Wars. *Mexican-American War (wounded).
*Resigned as Major and Paymaster, U.S. Army, June 1, 1861.
*Fought at First Bull Run. *Occupied Marye's Heights at Fredericksburg. *Commanded right wing at Gettysburg.
*Served at Chickamauga, Knoxville.
*At the Wilderness, severely wounded by his own men on return from a night scout after the first day.
*Last of Confederate full and permanent lieutenant generals to die, January 2, 1904, Gainesville, Georgia, aged 83.
Loring, William Wing
"Blizzards" Brigadier General
rank, nom: May 20, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank, nom: February 15, 1862
conf: February 17, 1862 *Seminole Wars. *Florida state legislator. *Lost arm in Mexican-American War.
*Stayed in regular army, youngest U.S. Army colonel at time of Civil War. *Resigned as Colonel, U.S. Army, May 13, 1861.
*Relieved of duty by Stonewall Jackson because of arguments during Romney Expedition.
*In command in Southwest Virginia. *Then in Mississippi, cut off from Vicksburg at Baker's Creek and escaped capture.
*Wounded at Ezra Church, Georgia, July 28, 1864.
Lovell, Mansfield Major General
rank, nom: October 7, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1842. *Mexican-American War (wounded twice). Resigned as 1st Lieutenant and Brevet Captain, U.S. Army, December 18, 1854.
*Deputy street commissioner in New York City. *Not appointed as brigadier general; immediate major general appointment.
*Assigned to New Orleans, but had to evacuate city due to attack by superior Union forces. *At Second Battle of Corinth.
*No further assignments despite requests by Joseph E. Johnston and Hood.
*Deputy commander in chief of Georgia militia, May 1864–September 1864. *Volunteer aide to Johnston.
Lowrey, Mark Perrin Brigadier General
rank: October 4, 1863
nom: October 6, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Son of Irish immigrants. *Mexican-American War.
*Commanded 4th Mississippi State Troops, a 60-day regiment, then Colonel 32nd Mississippi Infantry in 1862.
Lowry, Robert Brigadier General
rank: February 4, 1865
nom: February 8, 1865
conf: February 13, 1865 *Mississippi legislator. *6th Mississippi Infantry: Private, May 1861, Major, August 1861, Colonel, May 23, 1862. *Twice wounded at Shiloh.
*Assistant Adjutant General, November 5, 1863–July 1864.
*Promoted to brigadier general after death of John Adams at Franklin.
Lyon, Hylan B. Brigadier General
rank, nom, conf:
June 14, 1864 *USMA, 1856. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 30, 1861. *Battery captain, 1st Kentucky Artillery Battalion, September 30, 1861.
*8th Kentucky Infantry, Lt. Colonel, January 24, 1862. *Taken prisoner at Fort Donelson. *Exchanged August 15, 1862 after 7 months.
*8th Kentucky Infantry, Colonel, October 7, 1862. *Escaped with command from Vicksburg.
*Temporary command of all artillery at Chattanooga. *Commanded brigade of 4 Kentucky regiments under Forrest near end of war.
[edit]M
Name Rank Notes
Mackall, William W. Brigadier General
rank: February 27, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1862 *USMA, 1837. *Severely wounded in Seminole War. Mexican-American War.
*Resigned as Major and Assistant Adjutant General, U.S. Army, July 3, 1861. *Lt. Colonel, Assistant Adjutant General,
staff of Albert Sidney Johnston, September 9, 1861. *Captured at Island No. 10, April 7, 1862. *Exchanged August 15, 1862.
*Chief of staff to Bragg, April 1863. *Relieved at own request after Chickamauga. *Chief of staff to Joseph E. Johnston.
*Declined to serve under Hood. *Assigned to Macon, Georgia, South Georgia forces, last two months of war.
MacRae, William Brigadier General (special)
rank: November 4, 1864
nom: November 5, 1864
conf: January 17, 1865 *15th North Carolina Infantry: Private, May 1861, Captain, June 11, 1861, Lt. Colonel May 2, 1862, Colonel, February 27, 1863.
*Often with Army of Northern Virginia.
Magruder, John Bankhead
"Prince John" Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 17, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
rank: October 7, 1861
nom: October 7, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1830. *Wounded in Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Captain and Brevet Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army, April 20, 1861.
*Colonel, Virginia Provisional Army, May 9, 1861, *With forces at Richmond, May 8, 1861, then Hampton Line.
*Distinguished in Peninsula Campaign, deceived and delayed McClellan.
*Less successful in Seven Days Battles. *Assigned to duty in Texas.
*Defended Galveston and dispersed Union fleet, January 1, 1863.
Mahone, William
"Little Billy" Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 16, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
re-conf: February 17, 1864
Major General
rank: July 30, 1864
nom: August 3, 1864
conf: January 17, 1865 *VMI, 1847. *6th Virginia Infantry: Lt. Colonel, April 20, 1861, Colonel, May 2, 1861.
*Major general for successful defense of Confederate line at the Crater at Petersburg.
Major, James Patrick Brigadier General
rank: July 21, 1863
nom: July 23, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *USMA, 1856. *Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 21, 1861.
*Missouri State Guard: Lt. Colonel, 1861, Colonel 1861–1862.
*Acting chief of artillery for Van Dorn at Vicksburg, 1862. *Wounded at Donaldsonville, Louisiana, June 28, 1863.
Maney, George Earl Brigadier General
rank, nom: April 16, 1862
conf: April 18, 1862 *Mexican-American War. *Tennessee legislator. *11th Tennessee Infantry: Captain, May 1861.
*1st Tennessee Infantry, Colonel, May 8, 1861.
*Temporary command of Cheatham's division. *Relieved of command, August 31, 1864 when wounded.
*Wounded at Ringgold, Georgia and Jonesboro, Georgia.
Manigault, Arthur Middleton Brigadier General
rank: April 26, 1863
nom: April 27, 1863
conf: April 30, 1863 *Wounded in Mexican-American War. *Captain of militia company, supervised construction of Charleston harbor batteries.
*Assistant Adjutant General, aide to Beauregard during attack on Fort Sumter, April 1861–May 1861.
*10th South Carolina Infantry, Colonel, May 31, 1861. *Wounded at Resaca, Georgia.
*Severe head wound at Franklin, incapacitated.
Marmaduke, John Sappington Brigadier General
rank: November 15, 1862
nom: May 25, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864
Major General
rank: March 17, 1865
nom, conf: March 18, 1865 *USMA, 1857. *Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 17, 1861. *Colonel, Missouri militia, 1861.
1st Arkansas Battalion: Lt. Colonel, September 19, 1861. *18th Arkansas Infantry (3rd Confederate Infantry),
essentially a state based unit, Colonel, January 28, 1862. *Wounded at Shiloh. *Raided Missouri twice.
*Killed Lucius M. Walker in a duel.
*Original major general appointment to rank from April 30, 1864, not nominated.
*Jefferson Davis nullified E. Kirby Smith's May 13, 1864 appointment of Marmaduke to command as a brigadier general.
*Captured at Mine Creek, Kansas, October 25, 1864. *Paroled July 24, 1865.
*Although a prisoner of war, appointed, confirmed major general, March 18, 1865, the last Confederate major general appointment.
Marshall, Humphrey Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 30, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1832. *Resigned as Brevet 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, 1833. *Mexican-American War.
*U.S. Congressman from Kentucky, March 4, 1849–August 4, 1853; March 4, 1855–March 3, 1859.
*U.S. minister to China, March 4, 1849–1854.
*Minor victory at Princeton, West Virginia. *Resigned as brigadier general, June 16, 1862.
*Reappointed four days later. *Resigned June 17, 1863.
Martin, James Green
"One Wing" Brigadier General
rank: May 15, 1862
nom: August 11, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *USMA, 1840. *Mexican-American War, lost right arm. *Resigned as Captain and Brevet Major, June 14, 1861.
*Adjutant General of North Carolina state troops, September 27, 1861.
*Major general of militia in North Carolina, September 28, 1861. *Resigned July 25, 1862.
*Reappointed brigadier general August 11, 1862 and confirmed as of first date appointed. *In command of District of North Carolina.
*Fought at Siege of Petersburg. *Health broke, put in command of District of Western North Carolina.
Martin, William T. Brigadier General
rank, nom: December 2, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863
Major General
rank: November 10, 1863
nom: November 12, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *Captain, Mississippi Cavalry, July 8, 1861. *Jeff Davis Legion, Major, October 24, 1861.
*2nd Mississippi Cavalry: Lt. Colonel, February 13, 1862, Colonel, July 1862.
*Commanded rear third of Jeb Stuart's cavalry force in ride around McClellan.
*Led a division under Wheeler in Atlanta campaign. *Command of District of Northwest Mississippi at end of war.
Maury, Dabney Herndon
"Little Dab", "Puss-in-Boots" Brigadier General
rank: March 12, 1862
nom: March 14, 1862
conf: March 18, 1862
Major General
rank, nom: November 4, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *USMA, 1846. *Wounded in Mexican-American War.
*Dismissed as 1st Lieutenant, Brevet Captain and Assistant Adjutant General, U.S. Army, June 25, 1861.
*20th Mississippi Infantry, Lt. Colonel, August 28, 1861. *Colonel and chief of staff to Van Dorn.
*Brief service at Vicksburg, in East Tennessee. *Then command at Mobile, Alabama until end of war.
*Founder of Southern Historical Society in 1868.
Maxey, Samuel Bell Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1862 *USMA, 1846. *Mexican-American War.
*Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant and Brevet 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, September 17, 1849, to study law.
*Texas state senator. *9th Texas Infantry, Colonel, May 1861. *Fought in East Tennessee, at Port Hudson, in Red River Campaign.
*Assigned to duty as major general by E. Kirby Smith on April 18, 1864, but not appointed by Jefferson Davis.
McCausland, John
"Tiger John" Brigadier General
rank: May 18, 1864
nom: May 21, 1864
conf: May 24, 1864 *VMI, 1857. *Virginia Militia, Colonel, May 3, 1861. *36th Virginia Infantry: Colonel, July 16, 1861. *In West Virginia Campaign.
*Escaped with command from Fort Donelson before surrender.
*In 1864, assumed command at Cloyd's Mountain after Albert Jenkins's death. *Fought in Valley Campaigns of 1864.
*Burned Chambersburg, Pennsylvania on orders of Jubal Early in retaliation for Union Army
destruction of property in Shenandoah Valley.
*Cut way out of Appomattox before surrender. *Paroled at Charleston, West Virginia.
*Next to last surviving Confederate general. *Died January 22, 1927, near Henderson, West Virginia.
McComb, William Brigadier General
rank: January 20, 1865
nom: February 7, 1865
conf: February 13, 1865 *14th Tennessee Infantry: Private, May 1861, 2nd Lieutenant, May 1861, Major, April 26, 1862, Lt. Colonel, August 15, 1862,
Colonel, September 2, 1862. *Wounded at Cold Harbor I, June 27, 1862. *Severely wounded at Antietam, Chancellorsville.
*Died July 21, 1918, near Gordonsville, Virginia, aged 89.
McCown, John P. Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 12, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
Major General
rank: March 10, 1862
nom: March 11, 1862
conf: March 13, 1862
re-conf: March 18, 1862 *USMA, 1840. *Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 17, 1861.
*Tennessee Artillery Corps: Lt. Colonel, May 9, 1861, Colonel, May 17, 1861. *Brigade command, September 7, 1861.
*Temporary command of Army of the West. *Command in East Tennessee.
*Bragg preferred charges against him for disobedience of orders at Stones River. *Served out the war without significant command.
*Defended Catawba River crossing in April 1865 with one artillery piece and 300 men against a division of Union cavalry.
McCulloch, Ben Brigadier General
rank, nom, conf:
May 11, 1861 *Elder brother of Henry E. McCulloch. *Battle of San Jacinto.
*Wounded in duel with future Confederate Colonel Reuben Ross in 1839.
*Mexican-American War. *Texas militia, Colonel, Major General. *Received Twiggs's surrender at San Antonio.
*Brigadier general in command in Arkansas. *Killed at Pea Ridge, March 7, 1862, aged 51,
while directing the right wing of the army.
McCulloch, Henry Eustace Brigadier General
rank, nom: March 14, 1862
conf: March 18, 1862 *Younger brother of Ben McCulloch. *Mexican-American War. *Texas state legislator. *U.S. marshal.
*1st Texas Mounted Riflemen, Colonel, April 15, 1862.
*Served almost entirely within Texas except Vicksburg relief campaign, Milliken's Bend.
McGowan, Samuel Brigadier General
rank: January 17, 1863
nom: January 23, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863 *Mexican-American War. *South Carolina state legislator, 13 years. *Major general of South Carolina militia.
*Aide to Milledge L. Bonham, March 1861– July, 1861.
*14th South Carolina Infantry, Lt. Colonel, September 9, 1861, Colonel, August 11, 1862.
*Wounded four times: Cold Harbor I, June 27, 1862; Second Bull Run; Chancellorsville; Spotsylvania.
McIntosh, James M. Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 4, 1862
conf: January 24, 1862 *USMA, 1849. *Son of U.S. Col. James S. McIntosh, mortally wounded at Battle of Molino Del Ray in Mexican-American War.
*Brother of Union Brevet Major General John B. McIntosh, a graduate of U.S. Naval Academy. *Last in class at USMA.
*Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, May 7, 1861. *2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles, Colonel, May 1, 1861.
*Aide to Ben McCulloch, July 29, 1861. *Wounded at Wilson's Creek. *Killed at Pea Ridge, March 7, 1862, aged 34.
McLaws, Lafayette Brigadier General
rank, nom: September 25, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861
Major General
rank, nom: May 23, 1862
conf: September 27, 1862 *USMA, 1842. *Nephew of Zachary Taylor. *Wounded in Mexican-American War. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, March 23, 1861.
*Assistant quartermaster in Georgia, April 18, 1861–June 1861. *10th Georgia Infantry, Colonel, June 17, 1861.
*Relieved by Longstreet because of insubordination, failure of assault at Fort Sanders in Knoxville campaign.
*Court martial charges ordered dropped by Samuel Cooper, January 5, 1864. *Restored to command by Jefferson Davis.
*Court-martialed by Braxton Bragg for neglect of duty, February 3, 1864, found guilty May 4, 1864.
*Returned to duty by Jefferson Davis the same day. *Assigned to command in Georgia and under Joseph E. Johnston.
McNair, Evander Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 4, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Mexican-American War. *4th Arkansas Infantry, Captain, August 17, 1861, Lt. Colonel, May 1861, Colonel, October 29, 1861.
*Brigade command August 25, 1862. *Wounded at Chickamauga.
McRae, Dandridge Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 5, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Inspector General of Arkansas on staff of Governor Henry Massey Rector, 1861.
*3rd Battalion Arkansas Infantry, Major, July 15, 1861.
*21st Arkansas Infantry, Lt. Colonel, December 3, 1861, Colonel, January 1862.
*Resigned commission in late 1864.
Mercer, Hugh Weedon Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 29, 1861
conf: December 20, 1861
re-conf: June 10, 1864 *USMA, 1828. *Grandson of Revolutionary War General Hugh Mercer. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 30, 1835.
*1st Georgia Infantry, Colonel, April 13, 1861.
*Accompanied Hardee to Savannah after Battle of Jonesboro due to ill health and had no more field duty.
Miller, William Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: August 2, 1864
nom: August 5, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865 *Mexican-American War. *Commanded battalion of 6 companies as Major, 1861.
*1st Florida Infantry, Major, April 1862, Colonel, August 15, 1862.
*Initial brigade command, October 8, 1862. *Wounded at Perryville. *Seriously wounded at Stones River.
*Brigadier general in command of Florida reserve forces. *Commanded District of Florida.
Moody, Young Marshall Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1865
nom: March 11, 1865
conf: March 13, 1865 *11th Alabama Infantry, Captain, May 1861. *43rd Alabama Infantry: Lt. Colonel, April 1862, Colonel, November 4, 1862.
*Severely wounded at Battle of Drewry's Bluff. *Brigade command after Gracie's death, December 2, 1864.
Moore, John Creed Brigadier General
rank: May 26, 1862
nom: September 19, 1862
re-nom: March 2, 1863
conf: April 11, 1863
recalled: April 13, 1863 *USMA, 1849. *Seminole Wars. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, February 28, 1855.
*Captain, Louisiana Artillery, March 24, 1861.
*Defenses of Galveston, June 25, 1861–October 2, 1861. *2nd Texas Infantry: Colonel, September 2, 1861.
*Initial brigade command, May 1862. *Brigadier general confirmation recalled and tabled.
*Captured at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863. *Exchanged October 16, 1863.
*Resigned from Confederate Army, February 3, 1864.
Moore, Patrick T. Brigadier General
rank: September 20, 1864
nom: September 23, 1864
conf: January 17, 1865 *Born September 22, 1821, Galway, Ireland. *1st Virginia Militia, Colonel, April 21, 1861.
*Virginia Provisional Army, Colonel, June 15, 1861. *1st Virginia Infantry: Colonel, July 1, 1861.
*Severely wounded and incapacitated for field duty at Blackburn's Ford, Virginia, July 18, 1861, 3 days before First Bull Run.
*Volunteer aide to Joseph E. Johnston at Seven Pines and to Longstreet at Seven Days Battles.
*Helped organize Virginia reserve forces in 1864, brigade commander, May 18, 1864.
*At end of war, commanded brigade of Ewell's Richmond local defense troops.
Morgan, John Hunt
"Thunderbolt" Brigadier General
rank, nom: December 11, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Two of his sisters married A. P. Hill and Basil Duke. *Mexican-American War.
*Kentucky Militia Captain, 1852–1854 and 1857–1861. *2nd Kentucky Cavalry, Captain, September 1861, Colonel, April 2, 1862.
*First brigade command, October 31, 1862. *Conducted a series of raids in Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana and Ohio.
*Raided into Ohio in 1863. *Captured near New Lisbon, Ohio.
*Imprisoned in Ohio State Penitentiary with several officers. *Escaped, made way south.
*In command in East Tennessee, December 1863– May 2, 1864, Trans–Allegheny Department (Virginia), May 2, 1864–August 22, 1864.
*Killed at Greeneville, Tennessee, garden of house where had been sleeping, on way to attack at Knoxville, September 3, 1864, aged 39.
Morgan, John Tyler Brigadier General
rank: November 16, 1863
nom: November 17, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Enlisted as Private, Alabama infantry, April 1861. *5th Alabama Infantry, Major, May 5, 1861. *Resigned in May 1862.
*Major of cavalry. *51st Alabama Partisan Rangers, Colonel, August 11, 1862.
*Declined first offer to command Rodes's old brigade as brigadier general July 14, 1863. *Resigned 1863.
*51st Alabama Cavalry, Colonel, September 1863. *First brigade command, September 1863.
*Opposed Sherman's march across Georgia.
Mouton, Jean J.A.A. Brigadier General
rank, nom: April 16, 1862
conf: April 18, 1863 *Son of Louisiana ex-Governor and U.S. Senator Alexander Mouton. *USMA, 1850. *Resigned soon after graduation
*Brigadier general of state militia, 1850–1861. *Captain, ACSA Infantry, March 16, 1861. *Resigned July 16, 1861.
*18th Louisiana Infantry, Colonel, October 5, 1861. *First brigade command, April 1862.
*Dangerously wounded at Shiloh. *Led a brigade under Richard Taylor.
*In command of his brigade and de Polignac's brigade at Mansfield during Red River campaign.
*Killed leading a charge, April 8, 1864, Mansfield, Louisiana, aged 35.
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Name Rank Notes
Nelson, Allison Brigadier General
rank: September 12, 1862
nom, conf: September 26, 1862 *Mayor of Atlanta. *Georgia state legislator, 1848–1849; 1859–1860. *Mexican-American War.
*Texas state legislator. *Fought Indians. *10th Texas Infantry, Colonel, September 1861. *First brigade command June 1862.
*Assigned to command two brigades under Holmes the day after falling ill of typhoid (camp) fever.
*Died, October 7, 1862, Austin, Texas, aged 40.
Nicholls, Francis Redding Tillou Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 14, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *USMA, 1855. *Resigned as 2nd lieutenant, U.S. Army, October 1, 1856, to study law.
*8th Louisiana Infantry: Captain, May 1861, Lt. Colonel, June 9, 1861.
*Wounded at Winchester and lost left arm. *Captured May 26, 1862. *Exchanged for Samuel M. Bowman, September 30, 1862.
*15th Louisiana Infantry, Colonel, July 24, 1862. *Left foot torn off at Chancellorsville; leg amputated.
*Commanded at Lynchburg, Virginia August 11, 1863–May 17, 1864.
*Command of volunteer and conscript bureau in Trans–Mississippi Department.
Northrop, Lucius B. See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Shown on full general list by Wright, Warner; not listed as general by Eicher.
[edit]O
Name Rank Notes
O'Neal, Edward Asbury See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
[edit]P
Name Rank Notes
Page, Richard Lucian
"Ramrod", "Bombast" Brigadier General
rank: March 1, 1864
nom: March 7, 1864
conf: June 9, 1864 *First cousin of Robert E. Lee. *Midshipman in U.S. Navy, 1824.
*Executive officer of Norfolk Navy Yard. *Dismissed as commander, U.S. Navy, April 18, 1861.
*Designed and supervised construction of works on James River and Nansemond River.
*In naval battle of Port Royal, South Carolina. *Transferred to Confederate States Army. *In command of outer defenses of Mobile Bay.
*Surrendered after Union attack, August 1864. *Captured at Fort Morgan, Alabama, August 23, 1864. *Died August 9, 1901, aged 93.
Palmer, Joseph B. Brigadier General
rank: November 15, 1864
(temporary)
nom: December 3, 1864
conf: December 7, 1864 *Tennessee state legislator, 1849–1853. *Mayor of Murfreesboro, 1855–1859. *18th Tennessee Infantry: Captain, May 1861, Colonel, June 1861.
*Captured at Fort Donelson, February 16, 1862. *Exchanged August 15, 1862. *Initial brigade command, October 20, 1862.
*Wounded three times at Stones River. *Severely wounded at Chickamauga, returned for Atlanta campaign. *Wounded at Jonesboro.
*Brigade in rear guard after Nashville. *Wounded at Bentonville
Parsons, Mosby M. Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 5, 1862
conf: April 30, 1863 *Mexican-American War. *Attorney general of Tennessee, 1853–1857.
*Commanded 6th Division, Missouri State Guard until April 9, 1862. *Then commander-in-chief of Missouri State Guard.
*Assigned to duty as major general by General E. Kirby Smith, April 30, 1864 but never officially appointed.
Paxton, Elisha F. "Bull" Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *27th Virginia Infantry, 1st Lieutenant of Rockbridge Rifles, April 18, 1861, Major, October 14, 1861.
*In Jackson's Valley campaign of 1862 as a major on Stonewall Jackson's staff.
*Assigned as brigadier general to command the Stonewall Brigade, September 1, 1862.
*Killed at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863, aged 35.
Payne, William H.F. Brigadier General
rank: November 1, 1864
nom: November 4, 1864
conf: January 17, 1865 *VMI, 1848. *4th Virginia Cavalry: Private, Captain, April 26, 1861, Major, September 17, 1861.
*Wounded and captured at Williamsburg, May 1862. *Exchanged August 15, 1862. *2nd North Carolina Cavalry: Lt. Colonel.
*Wounded and captured at Hanover, Pennsylvania, June 30, 1863 during Gettysburg campaign. *Exchanged May 8, 1864.
*Wounded at Five Forks. *Captured near Warrenton on night of President Lincoln's assassination.
Peck, William R.
"Big Peck" Brigadier General
rank: February 18, 1865
nom., conf: February 22, 1865 *9th Louisiana Infantry: Private, July 7, 1861 Captain, 1861, Lt. Colonel, April 24, 1862, Colonel, October 8, 1863.
*Commanded brigade with rank of colonel in several actions including Monocacy.
*Eicher says wounded at Winchester, Virginia, September 19, 1864. *Warner says repeatedly placed himself in danger in battle but never wounded.
Pegram, John Brigadier General
rank: November 7, 1862
nom: November 10, 1862
conf: April 23, 1863 *USMA, 1854. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 10, 1861. *20th Virginia Infantry, Lt. Colonel, July 1861.
*Wounded at Rich Mountain. *Captured at Elkins, (West) Virginia, two days later, July 13, 1861.
*Exchanged January 24, 1862 for James M. Bomford. *Colonel, chief engineer, staffs of Beauregard, Bragg.
*Army of Northern Virginia after Chickamauga. *Commanded infantry brigade at the Wilderness, where wounded.
*Valley Campaigns of 1864. *Commanded Rodes's division after Rodes's death at Winchester; not formally promoted to major general.
*Killed at Dabney's Mill (Hatcher's Run), February 6, 1865, aged 33.
Pemberton, John Clifford Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 17, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Major General
nom: January 10, 1862
rank, conf: January 14, 1862
Lt. General
rank, conf: October 10, 1862
conf: October 13, 1862 *Born August 10, 1814, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. *USMA, 1837. *Wounded in Mexican-American War.
*Wife was from Norfolk, Virginia. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, April 29, 1861.
*Assistant Adjutant General, forces in and around Richmond, April 29, 1861. *Colonel, May 8, 1861.
*Major, artillery, June 15, 1861. *Surrendered Vicksburg on July 4, 1863 and captured. *Exchanged October 13, 1863.
*No further duty for his rank. *Resigned as a general officer on May 9, 1864. *Then Lt. Colonel of artillery.
*Inspector General of artillery, January 7, 1865.
Pender, William Dorsey Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 22, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862
Major General
rank: May 27, 1863
unconfirmed: died *USMA, 1854. *Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, March 21, 1861. *3rd (later 13th) North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, May 27, 1861
*Transferred to 6th North Carolina Infantry, August 6, 1861. *Wounded five times before Gettysburg.
*Initial brigade command May 27, 1862. *Division command at Gettysburg. *Mortally wounded on the second day.
*Died at Staunton, Virginia, July 18, 1863, aged 29.
Pendleton, William N. Brigadier General
nom: March 25, 1862
rank, conf: March 26, 1862 *USMA, 1830. *Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, October 31, 1833. *Virginia Artillery, Captain, May 1, 1861, Colonel, July 13, 1861.
*Wounded at First Bull Run. *Chief of Artillery of Joseph E. Johnston. *Wounded twice.
*Nominal chief of artillery of Army of Northern Virginia; mainly administrative work in last two years of war.
Perrin, Abner Monroe Brigadier General
rank: September 10, 1863
nom: September 17, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *Mexican-American War. *14th South Carolina Infantry: Captain, July 1861, Colonel, February 20, 1863. *Wounded at Fredericksburg.
*Killed at Spotsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864, aged 37, leading men to reinforce Confederate line after Union forces took Mule Shoe salient.
Perry, Edward Aylesworth Brigadier General
rank: August 28, 1862
nom: September 15, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *2nd Florida Infantry: Captain, May 1861, Colonel, May 1862. *Severely wounded at Battle of Frayser's Farm.
*Led Florida brigade at Chancellorsville.
*Contracted typhoid fever. *Returned for start of Overland campaign. *Severely wounded at the Wilderness.
*Upon return, assigned to reserve forces of Alabama.
Perry, William F. Brigadier General
rank: February 21, 1865
nom: February 28, 1865
conf: March 16, 1865 *Self-taught. *Twice elected as Alabama's first superintendent of public instruction. *President, East Alabama Female College, 1858–1862.
*44th Alabama Infantry: Private, May 6, 1862, Major, May 16, 1862, Lt. Colonel September 1, 1862, Colonel, September 17, 1862.
*Wounded at Gettysburg, New Market Heights. *After Cold Harbor II, led Law's former brigade until surrender at Appomattox Court House.
Pettigrew, James Johnston Brigadier General
nom: February 24, 1862
rank, conf: February 26, 1862 *South Carolina legislator. *Colonel South Carolina Militia.
*Served in Charleston Harbor at fall of Fort Sumter. *1st South Carolina Rifles, Hampton's Legion, Private, April 1861, Colonel, April 1861.
*12th (22nd) North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, July 11, 1861. *Wounded and captured at Seven Pines. *Exchanged August 15, 1862.
*Defenses of Petersburg and North Carolina. *Commanded Heth's division after Heth was wounded at Gettysburg.
*Led division against center of Union Army line on Cemetery Ridge at Gettysburg in charge on third day known as Pickett's Charge.
*Mortally wounded, July 14, 1863, Falling Waters, Maryland, commanding rear guard of Army of Northern Virginia in retreat from Gettysburg.
*Died July 17, 1863, Bunker Hill, Virginia, aged 35.
Pettus, Edmund Winston Brigadier General
rank: September 18, 1863
nom: September 19, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *20th Alabama Infantry, Major, September 9, 1861, Lt. Colonel, October 8, 1861, Colonel May 28, 1863.
*Captured December 29, 1862; exchanged. *Captured at Fort Gibson, May 1, 1863, escaped. *Captured at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863.
*Exchanged September 12, 1863. *Wounded at Bentonville.
Pickett, George E. Brigadier General
nom: January 10, 1862
rank, conf: January 14, 1862
Major General
rank, nom: October 10, 1862
conf: October 11, 1862 *USMA, 1846, last in class. *Mexican-American War. *Defied British in 1859 in occupation of San Juan Island.
*Resigned as Captain, U.S. Army, June 25, 1861. *Colonel, Artillery, July 23, 1861. *Severely wounded at Gaines Mill.
*Advanced his division against center of Union line on Cemetery Ridge on third day at Gettysburg on July 3, 1863.
*Action became known as Pickett's Charge. *Later commanded Department of Virginia and North Carolina. *Defense of Petersburg.
*Defeated by Sheridan at Five Forks while away from front line for most of battle. *Relieved of command after Sayler's Creek.
Pike, Albert Brigadier General
nom: August 13, 1861
rank: August 15, 1861
conf: August 16, 1861 *Mexican-American War. *Fought an inconclusive duel with John S. Roane, July 29, 1847.
*Responsible for recruiting Native American (Indian) troops.
*Pike was blamed for dubious conduct of Native American troops at Pea Ridge.
*Resigned July 12, 1862, resignation accepted November 11, 1862.
*Masonic Scottish Rite Sovereign Grand Master, 1859–1891.
Pillow, Gideon J. Brigadier General
rank, nom: July 9, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
re-conf: February 17, 1864 *Law partner of President James K. Polk. *Brigadier general of volunteers in Mexican-American War, wounded.
*Second in command at Fort Donelson. *Passed command to Simon Buckner
after John B. Floyd passed command to him. *Escaped with Floyd before surrender.
*Relieved of duty by Jefferson Davis, April 16, 1862. *Resignation accepted October 21, 1862, rescinded December 10, 1862.
*Assigned to volunteer and conscript bureau in Tennessee.
*Commissary general of prisoners from February 1865 after death of John Winder.
De Polignac, Camille A.J.M.
"Pole-Cat" Brigadier General
rank, nom: January 10, 1863
conf: April 23, 1863
Major General
rank: April 8, 1864
nom: June 11, 1864
conf: June 13, 1864 *French Army lieutenant, 1853–1859. *Crimean War.
*In Central America when war began; moved to Louisiana. *Lt. Colonel, July 16, 1861, on staffs of Beauregard and Bragg.
*Served in Louisiana with Richard Taylor. *Assistant Inspector General, Army of Mississippi, July 17, 1862–July 1863.
*Initial brigade command, July 1863. *Ran blockade March 17, 1865 in order to urge Napoleon III to intervene on behalf of the Confederacy.
*Led 1st French Division in Franco-Prussian War. *Awarded the Legion of Honor.
*Died November 15, 1913, Paris, France, last survivor of Confederate major generals.
Polk, Leonidas Major General
rank, nom: June 25, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
Lt. General
rank, nom: October 10, 1862
conf: October 11, 1862 *Uncle of Lucius E. Polk. *USMA, 1827.
*Resigned as Brevet 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, December 1, 1827.
*Became an Episcopal bishop. *Army of Tennessee corps commander. *Censured by Bragg for dilatory tactics at Chickamauga.
*Killed by Union artillery shell at Pine Mountain, Georgia, near Marietta, Georgia, during the Atlanta campaign on June 14, 1864
while in the company of Joseph E. Johnston and Hardee, aged 58.
Polk, Lucius E. Brigadier General
rank: December 13, 1862
nom: December 20, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Nephew of Leonidas Polk. *15th Arkansas Infantry: Private, May 1861, 2nd Lieutenant, January 1862, Colonel, April 11, 1862.
*Succeeded Patrick Cleburne in brigade command, December 14, 1862. *Wounded at Shiloh, Richmond, Kentucky, Perryville.
*Severely wounded for the fourth time at Kennesaw Mountain in June 1864. *Retired from Army, July 1864.
Posey, Carnot Brigadier General
rank: November 1, 1862
nom: March 5, 1863
conf: April 22, 1863 *Mexican-American War, wounded. *President Buchanan appointed him U.S. District Attorney for Southern District of Mississippi, 1858–1861.
*Captain of Wilkinson Rifles, Captain Mississippi infantry, May 21, 1861. *16th Mississippi Infantry, Colonel, June 4, 1861.
*Wounded at Cross Keys. *Initial brigade command August 30, 1862. *Mortally wounded at Bristoe Station, October 14, 1863.
*Died November 13, 1863, Charlottesville, Virginia, aged 45.
Preston, John S. Brigadier General
rank, nom, conf:
June 10, 1864 *South Carolina state senator for 8 years. *Lived abroad, 1856–1860.
*Lt. Colonel and Assistant Adjutant General to Beauregard at Fort Sumter, First Bull Run. *Colonel, April 23, 1863.
*Served in command of prison camps, conscript camps. *From July 30, 1863, superintendent of bureau of conscription, Richmond, Virginia.
Preston, William Brigadier General
rank: April 14, 1862
nom: April 16, 1862
conf: April 18, 1862 *Mexican-American War. *Elected to both houses of Kentucky legislature. *U.S. Representative from Kentucky, December 6, 1852–March 3, 1855.
*Minister to Spain, 1858–1861. *Colonel, on staff of brother-in-law, Albert Sidney Johnston, until Johnston was killed at Shiloh.
*In 1864, appointed Confederate minister to Imperial Mexican government but could not reach Maximilian's court.
*Remainder of war in Trans–Mississippi Department. *No record of supposed promotion to major general.
Price, Sterling "Old Pap" Major General
rank, nom, conf:
March 6, 1862 *Six years in Missouri legislature; speaker for four years. *U.S. Representative from Missouri, March 4, 1846–August 12, 1846.
*Mexican-American War. *Military governor of New Mexico. *Governor of Missouri, January 3, 1853–January 5, 1857.
*Disagreed with extreme Unionists and joined pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard as major general, May 18, 1861–March 17, 1862.
*Combined with Ben McCulloch at Wilson's Creek to defeat Nathaniel Lyon.
*Captured Lexington, Missouri and 3, 000 prisoners. *Appointed major general without previous appointment to brigadier general.
*Wounded at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge. Iuka, Second Corinth. *Failed to retake Helena, Arkansas.
*Aided E. Kirby Smith in repulsing Camden Expedition. *Raided Missouri in September–October, 1864. *Defeated at Westport.
Pryor, Roger Atkinson Brigadier General
nom: April 1, 1862
rank, conf: April 16, 1862 *U.S. Commissioner to Greece, 1855–1857. *U.S. Congressman, December 7, 1859–March 3, 1861.
*Resigned from Provisional Confederate Congress to join army as aide to Beauregard and Jefferson Davis, April 1861.
*3rd Virginia Infantry, Colonel, April 20, 1861. *CSA Provisional Congress and Representative from Virginia, January 15, 1862–April 5, 1862.
*Resigned to rejoin army, April 5, 1862. *Resigned August 18, 1863 and served as a special courier and spy without rank for the cavalry.
*Captured as private, 3rd Virginia Cavalry, November 27, 1864, not released until paroled (but not exchanged) February 25, 1865,
by order of President Lincoln. *Went to New York in 1865. *Prominent lawyer and judge. *Died March 14, 1919, New York, New York, aged 90.
[edit]Q
Name Rank Notes
Quarles, William Andrew Brigadier General
rank: August 25, 1863;
nom. September 5, 1863;
conf. January 25, 1864 *Major, Assistant Adjutant General, October 24, 1861. *42nd Tennessee Infantry, Colonel, November 28, 1861.
*Captured at Fort Donelson, February 16, 1862. *Exchanged September 30, 1862. *Wounded in Atlanta campaign.
*Wounded at Franklin, November 30, 1864. *Captured near Franklin, December 18, 1864.
[edit]R
Name Rank Notes
Rains, Gabriel J. Brigadier General
rank, nom: September 23, 1861
conf: December 13, 1861 *USMA, 1827. *Brevet Major for Seminole Wars. *Lt. Colonel, 5th U.S. Infantry, June 5, 1860; resigned July 31, 1861.
*In withdrawal from Yorktown, he devised and deployed the anti-personnel mine. *Longstreet forbade further use of mines during campaign.
*Was severely criticized by A. P. Hill for Seven Pines and relieved. *First superintendent of the volunteer and conscript bureau, December 1862–May 1863.
*Bureau apparently a cover for Confederate States Navy Torpedo Bureau. *Set up mine and torpedo defenses at several cities and harbors.
Rains, James Edwards See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
Ramseur, Stephen Dodson Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863
Major General (temporary)
nom: May 31, 1862
rank, conf: June 1, 1862. *USMA, 1860. *Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 6, 1861.
*3rd North Carolina Infantry, Captain, May 1861, Lt. Colonel, May 27, 1861. *Thrown from horse and broke collarbone, July 25, 1861.
*49th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, April 12, 1862. *Wounded at Malvern Hill, Chancellorsville, Spotsylvania Court House.
*With General Jubal Early in Valley Campaigns of 1864. *Mortally wounded at Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864.
*Captured, died the next day, aged 27.
Randolph, George Wythe Brigadier General
rank, nom, conf:
February 12, 1862 *Born at Monticello, the home of his maternal grandfather, Thomas Jefferson. *Midshipman in Navy, age 13, served for 6 years.
*Resigned from U.S. Navy, 1839. *Organized Richmond Howitzers artillery battery after John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry.
*Colonel and Chief of Artillery for Magruder at Big Bethel, June 1861. *1st Virginia Artillery, September 1861, Colonel.
*Artillery, Department of Norfolk, February 1862. *Confederate Secretary of War, March 18, 1862. *Resigned November 17, 1862.
*Soon diagnosed with tuberculosis. *Went to France for his health. *Resigned as brigadier general November 15, 1862.
*Resigned Army commission, December 18, 1864. *Returned to Virginia after the war. Died of tuberculosis and pneumonia, April 3, 1867, aged 59.
Ransom, Matt Whitaker Brigadier General
rank: June 13, 1863
nom: June 15, 1863
conf: February 16, 1864 *North Carolina legislator, 1858–1861. *1st North Carolina Militia, Private, May 1861, Lt. Colonel, May 16, 1861.
*35th North Carolina Infantry, Colonel, April 21, 1862, part of younger brother's, Robert Ransom Jr.'s, brigade. *Wounded three times.
Ransom, Robert Jr. Brigadier General
rank: March 1, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1862
Major General
rank: May 26, 1863
nom: May 27, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *USMA, 1850. *Younger brother of Matt Whitaker Ransom.
*Resigned as Captain and regimental adjutant, U.S. Army, May 24, 1861.
*1st North Carolina Cavalry, (aka 9th North Carolina Volunteers), Colonel, October 13, 1861.
*Commanded cavalry during Jubal Early's raid on Washington (Fort Stevens). *Retired due to illness in Fall 1864.
*Command of second subdistrict, District of South Carolina, November 5, 1864–May 2, 1865.
Reynolds, Alexander Welch
"Gauley" Brigadier General
rank: September 14, 1863
nom: September 17, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *USMA, 1838. *Seminole War. *Dropped as Captain, U.S. Army as AWOL, October 4, 1861.
*50th Virginia Infantry: Colonel, July 10, 1861. *Initial brigade command March 1862.
*Captured and paroled at Vicksburg. *Exchanged, October 13, 1863. *Wounded at New Hope Church.
Reynolds, Daniel H. Brigadier General (special)
rank: March 5, 1864
nom: March 12, 1864
conf: May 16, 1864 *1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles, Captain, May 25, 1861, Major, April 14, 1862, Lt. Colonel, May 1, 1862, Colonel, September 20, 1863.
*Wounded at Franklin. *Lost leg at Bentonville.
Richardson, Robert Vinkler Colonel
Brigadier General
rank: December 1, 1863
nom: December 3, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864
recalled January 27, 1864 *Mexican-American War. *Brigadier general, Tennessee Militia, 1861.
*1st Tennessee Partisan Rangers (12th Tennessee Cavalry), Colonel, February 19, 1863. *Wounded near Belmont, March 29, 1863.
*Brigadier general, December 3, 1863, duly confirmed; nomination recalled and returned to President Davis at his request, February 9, 1864.
*Operated with James R. Chalmers until the end of the war.
*Warner, Eicher list as a general.
Ripley, Roswell Sabine Brigadier General
nom: August 13, 1861
rank: August 15, 1861
conf: August 16, 1861
re-conf: June 10, 1864 *USMA, 1843. *Mexican-American War, wrote two-volume history.
*Nephew of Brigadier General James W. Ripley, U.S. Army chief of ordnance, 1861–1863.
*Married into the Middleton family of Charleston, South Carolina, 1852. *Resigned as 1st Lieutenant and Brevet Major, U.S. Army, March 2, 1853.
*Lt. Colonel of South Carolina forces in 1860. *Occupied Fort Moultrie after Major Robert Anderson moved the garrison to Fort Sumter.
*Occupied Fort Sumter after its surrender. *In command in South Carolina until relieved by Pemberton. *Lt. Colonel, CSA, May 1861.
*Severely wounded at Antietam. *On duty in South Carolina in 1863 and 1864. *Ordered to Joseph E. Johnston's army in spring 1865.
Roane, John Selden Brigadier General
nom: March 19, 1862
rank, conf: March 20, 1862 *Arkansas State legislator, 1844, speaker. *Mexican-American War.
*Fought a duel with Captain, later Confederate Brigadier General, Albert Pike.
*Governor of Arkansas, April 19, 1849–November 15, 1852. *Opponent of secession, did not take up arms immediately. *Fought at Prairie Grove.
*Served in Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas in garrison and detached duty. *Died April 8, 1867, Pine Bluff, Arkansas, aged 50.
Roberts, William Paul Brigadier General
rank: February 21, 1865
nom: February 22, 1865
conf: February 23, 1865 *19th North Carolina Infantry: Private, June 10, 1861, age 19, Sergeant, June 1861, 1st Lieutenant, November 20, 1861.
*2nd North Carolina Cavalry: 1st Lieutenant, September 13, 1862, Captain, November 19, 1863, Major, February 18, 1864, Colonel, June 23, 1864.
*Wounded in head, Haw's Shop, Virginia, June 5, 1864. *Youngest general officer in Confederate service.
*Brigade fought well but was overcome at Five Forks, April 1, 1865. *Died March 28, 1910, Norfolk, Virginia, aged 68.
Robertson, Beverly Holcombe Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 9, 1862
conf: September 30, 1862 *USMA, 1849. *Dismissed as Captain, U.S. Army, for disloyalty, August 8, 1861. *4th Virginia Cavalry, Colonel, September 19, 1861.
*Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. *Commanded cavalry after death of Turner Ashby.
*Distrusted by Jeb Stuart. *Relieved after Gettysburg and assigned to South Carolina until evacuated at Sherman's approach.
*Wounded at West Buckhead Church, Georgia, November 19, 1864. *Died November 12, 1910, Washington, D.C., aged 83.
Robertson, Felix Huston Colonel
Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: July 26, 1864
nom: rejected:
February 22, 1865 See incomplete appointments section in List of American Civil War Generals (Acting Confederate).
Warner lists as a general; Eicher does not.
*Last surviving general officer of the Confederacy if appointment counted despite Senate rejection.
Robertson, Jerome Bonaparte
"Polly", "Aunt Polly", "Bob" Brigadier General
rank, nom: November 1, 1862
conf: April 22, 1863 *Father of Felix Huston Robertson. *Army of Republic of Texas. *Member of both houses of Texas legislature. *Delegate to secession convention.
*5th Texas Infantry Regiment, Captain, August 3, 1861, Lt. Colonel, October 10, 1861, Colonel, September 26, 1862.
*Wounded at Gaines Mill, Second Bull Run, Gettysburg. *Initial brigade command, November 6, 1862.
*Court martialed for insubordination, January 26, 1864, but charges dropped. *Spent remainder of war in Texas in command of state reserve corps.
Roddey, Philip D. Brigadier General
rank, nom: August 3, 1863
conf: January 25, 1864 *Captain of a cavalry company in July 1861. *Scouting missions.
*4th Alabama Cavalry, Colonel, October 1, 1862. *Served under Forrest and Wheeler.
*Forrest and Roddey swam the Alabama River to escape after collapse of Confederate lines at Selma, Alabama.
Rodes, Robert E. Brigadier General
rank, nom: October 21, 1861
December 13, 1861
Major General
rank: May 2, 1863
nom: May 7, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864 *VMI, 1848. *Captain, Alabama Militia, January 1861. *5th Alabama Infantry, Colonel, May 11, 1861.
*Wounded at Seven Pines but fought at Gaines Mill. *Wounded at Antietam.
*Led van of Stonewall Jackson's flank march at Chancellorsville.
*Major general for services at Chancellorsville.
*Mortally wounded at Winchester, Virginia, directing a counterattack that helped Confederate force escape, September 19, 1864, aged 35.
Ross, Lawrence Sullivan
"Sul" Brigadier General
rank: December 21, 1863
nom: January 9, 1864
conf: February 5, 1864 *Fought the Comanches. *Aide to Sam Houston. *Captain in Texas Rangers, 1859. *Colonel, Texas militia.
*6th Texas Cavalry: Private, April 1861, Major, September 18, 1861, Colonel, May 14, 1862. *Initial brigade command, September 1863.
*Captured at Newnan, Georgia, July 30, 1864 but rescued the same day.
Rosser, Thomas L.
"Savior of the Valley" Brigadier General
rank: September 28, 1863
nom: October 10, 1863
conf: February 17, 1864
Major General (temporary)
rank: November 1, 1864
nom: November 4, 1864
conf: February 20, 1865 *USMA, resigned two weeks before graduation in 1861 *1st Lieutenant, ACSA, Artillery, March 16, 1861.
*CSA Artillery, Captain, September 17, 1861, Lt. Colonel, June 10, 1862. *Wounded at Mechanicsville. *5th Virginia Cavalry, Colonel, June 24, 1862.
*Wounded at Kelly's Ford. *Wounded five more times. *Command of Laurel Brigade. *In October 1864 assumed command of Early's cavalry.
*Defeated at Woodstock and Cedar Creek. *Two raids into West Virginia, then returned to Siege of Petersburg. *Battle of Five Forks.
*Refused to surrender at Appomattox Court House but was captured and paroled in May 1865.
*On June 10, 1898, appointed brigadier general of U.S. Volunteers for the Spanish-American War. *Mustered out October 31, 1898.
Ruggles, Daniel Brigadier General
nom: August 6, 1861
rank, conf: August 9, 1861
re-conf: February 17, 1864 *Born in Massachusetts. *USMA, 1833. *Seminole War of 1839–1840. *Mexican-American War. *Married into a Virginia family.
*Resigned as Captain and Brevet Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army, May 7, 1861. *Commanded Virginia state forces on Rappahannock River.
*Led Bragg's First Division at Shiloh. *After Second Corinth, administrative duties, mainly in Alabama and Mississippi.
*Commissary general of prisoners, March 30, 1865.
Rust, Albert Brigadier General
rank: March 4, 1862
nom: March 5, 1862
conf: March 6, 1862 *Arkansas State legislator, 1842–1848, 1852–1854. *U.S. Congressman, March 4, 1855–March 3, 1857, March 4, 1859–March 3, 1861.
*CSA Provisional Congressman, May 15, 1861–February 17, 1862. *3rd Arkansas Infantry, Colonel, July 5, 1861.
*Fought at Cheat Mountain under General Lee. *Served under Stonewall Jackson in winter of 1861–1862. *Fought at Second Battle of Corinth.
*Sent to report to Sterling Price in April 1863. *Served under Hindman in Arkansas and Richard Taylor and Pemberton in Louisiana.
[edit]S
Name Rank Notes
St. John, Isaac M. Brigadier General
and Commissary General
rank, conf: February 16, 1865
nom: February 14, 1865 *Chief engineer for Magruder at Yorktown; Captain. *Major of artillery, October 1862.
*In charge of Nitre (later Nitre and Mining) Corps.
*Lt. Colonel and Colonel in 1863. *Produced crucial ordnance supplies for Confederate Army.
Sanders, John C.C. Brigadier General
(temporary)
rank: May 31, 1864
nom: June 6, 1864
conf: June 7, 1864 *11th Alabama Infantry: Private, April 1861, Captain, June 11, 1861, Colonel, September 11, 1862.
*Severely wounded at Frayser's Farm. *Wounded four times before death. *Initial brigade command, August 15, 1863.
*Killed during the Siege of Petersburg while fighting along the Weldon Railroad, August 21, 1864, aged 24.
Scales, Alfred Moore Brigadier General
rank: June 13, 1863
nom: June 15, 1863
conf: February 16, 1864 *North Carolina state legislator for four terms. *U.S. Representative, March 4, 1857–March 3, 1859.
*13th North Carolina Infantry: Private, April 3, 1861, Captain, May 3, 1861, Colonel, November 14, 1861.
*Wounded at Chancellorsville. *Severely wounded at Gettysburg.
Scott, Thomas M. Brigadier General
rank: May 10, 1864
nom: May 21, 1864
conf: May 24, 1864 *12th Louisiana Infantry, Captain, then Colonel, August 13, 1861. *Initial brigade command, March 1864.
*Severely wounded Franklin, November 30, 1864; no further service.
Scurry, William Read Brigadier General
rank: September 12, 1862
nom, conf: September 26, 1862 *Mexican-American War. *4th Texas Cavalry Regiment, Lt. Colonel, August 23, 1861.
*Fought at Valverde, wounded at Glorieta Pass.
*In command at Glorieta because Sibley allegedly under doctor's care, more likely intoxicated.
*Killed at Jenkins' Ferry, April 30, 1864.
Sears, Claudius Wistar Brigadier General
rank: March 1, 1864
nom: March 7, 1864
conf: May 11, 1864 *USMA, 1841. *Resigned from U.S. Army as 2nd Lieutenant in 1842.
*17th Mississippi Infantry: Private, May 1861, Captain, July 1861. *46th Mississippi Infantry: Colonel, December 11, 1862.
*Captured and paroled at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863. *Exchanged October 1863. *Fought in Atlanta campaign until incapacitated by illness.
*Lost leg at Nashville. *Captured near Pulaski, Tennessee a few days after the battle.
Semmes, Paul Jones Brigadier General
rank, nom: March 11, 1862
conf: March 18, 1862 *Cousin of Raphael Semmes. *Captain of Columbus Guards militia company, then Colonel, 1846–1861.
*Brigadier general of Georgia Militia, April 25, 1861. *2nd Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, Colonel, May 7, 1861.
*Mortally wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863, in attack on the Round Tops.
*Died during the retreat from Gettysburg, July 10, 1863, Martinsburg, (West) Virginia, aged 48.
Sharp, Jacob H. Brigadier General (temporary)
rank, nom: July 26, 1864
conf: February 21, 1865 *1st Battalion of Mississippi Infantry (44th Mississippi Infantry): Private. 1861, Captain, February 1862, Colonel, August 1863.
*Initial brigade command, September 20, 1863.
Shelby, Joseph Orville Brigadier General
rank: December 15, 1863
nom: January 9, 1864
conf: February 5, 1864 *Led pro-slavery Kentuckians in Kansas–Missouri border conflict of the 1850s. *Missouri State Guard, Captain, June 1861.
*5th Missouri Cavalry, Colonel, June 1862. *Initial brigade command, June 1862.
*Appointed major general by E. Kirby Smith, May 10, 1865; unconfirmed.
*At end of the war, Shelby and a few men buried battle flag, went to Mexico to fight, could not agree on which side.
*Returned to Missouri after fall of Maximilian, 1867.
Shelley, Charles M. Brigadier General (temporary)
rank: September 17, 1864
nom: September 23, 1864
conf: February 21, 1865 *Lieutenant of Talladega Artillery, 1861. *5th Alabama Infantry, Captain, May 11, 1861. *30th Alabama Infantry: Colonel, May 22, 1862.
*Captured at Vicksburg. *Upon exchange, joined Army of Tennessee. *Lost 432 men killed and wounded out of 1100 at Franklin.
*Shelley's horse was killed under him at Franklin; he had bullet holes in his uniform.
Shoup, Francis A. Brigadier General
rank: September 12, 1862
nom: September 26, 1862
conf: April 11, 1863 *Resigned as 2nd Lieutenant, U.S. Army, January 10, 1860, to study law. *Admitted to Indiana bar, 1860. *Captain, Indiana militia.
*Moved to Florida (St. Augustine), admitted to Florida bar, 1861.
*No apparent reason for adherence to Confederacy other than admiration for Southern men in U.S. Army, recent move to Florida.
*Artillery, Lieutenant, March 16, 1861; Major, November 7, 1861. *Chief of artillery for Hardee at Shiloh, for Hindman at Prairie Grove.
*Commanded a Louisiana brigade at Vicksburg. *Captured July 4, 1863, paroled. *Exchanged October 13, 1863.
*Chief of artillery to Joseph E. Johnston in Atlanta campaign. *Chief of staff for Hood.
Sibley, Henry Hopkins Brigadier General
rank, nom: June 17, 1861
conf: August 28, 1861
re-conf: June 10, 1864 *USMA, 1838. *Seminole War. *Mexican-American War. *Utah War. *Inventor of the Sibley tent. *Resigned as Major, U.S. Army, May 13, 1861.
*Colonel, Regular Confederate Army Cavalry, May 16, 1861. *Commanded disastrous Confederate New Mexico Campaign.
*Defeated at Glorieta Pass, New Mexico, March 26–28, 1862, where allegedly intoxicated.
*Lost many men in retreat to Texas; Union forces destroyed most of his supplies.
*E. Kirby Smith twice preferred charges against him. *Alleged alcohol problems. *Without a command at the end of the war.
Simms, James P. Brigadier General
rank: December 8, 1864
nom: December 13, 1864
conf: February 18, 1865 *Brigadier general, Georgia militia. *2nd Lieutenant CSA, 6th Georgia Militia, October 21, 1861.
*42nd Georgia Infantry, 1st Lieutenant, April 1862, Captain, August 20, 1862.
*53rd Georgia Infantry, Major, September 24, 1862, Colonel, October 8, 1862.
*Wounded at Knoxville. *Initial brigade command, September 30, 1864. *Distinguished at Cedar Creek.
*Captured at Sayler's Creek, released July 24, 1865.
Slack, William Yarney Colonel
Brigadier General
(posthumous)
rank, nom: April 12, 1862
conf: April 17, 1862 *Mexican-American War. *Brigadier general of Missouri State Guard, July 4, 1861– March 21, 1862. *Severely wounded at Wilson's Creek.
*Promoted to brigadier general, CSA, after his death on March 21, 1862 from wounds received at Pea Ridge, March 7, 1862, close to old wound.
*Slack was taken to a house within a mile of the battlefield but after a few days was moved to Moore's Mill, seven miles away.
*Condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to his death, March 21, 1862, aged 45.
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630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 630-461-1083 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Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded. |
|
|
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
Explanation of Matrix Numbers
[Editor's Note: This brief explanation of matrix numbers has been superseded by Howard S. Friedman's detailed article, Matrix and Catalog Numbers in G&S Discography. However, it has been retained on the site as a shorter discussion of the topic.]
Almost every 78rpm side ever recorded has a matrix number. The number was normally etched onto the ungrooved surface near the center of each side of the disc. However, some very early recordings did not have matrix numbers, and some record labels—such as Victor, for its American-made recordings—would keep their matrix numbers secret and/or obliterate the numbers that had been present on other publishers' pressings.
Matrix numbers continued to be used on LPs and even CDs, but they have special significance for 78's, as they are the one and only sure way of identifying a particular performance. Editing was essentially impossible in those days, and a side had to be recorded intact. The matrix number was stamped onto the master disc when the recording was made, and when the master was copied, so was the matrix number.
This number is vital information to collectors of old records, because:
Sometimes, different takes were issued under the same manufacturer catalog number. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that the records were in fact different.
Sometimes, the same take was re-issued under another label, perhaps even with the names of the performers changed. Only by examining the matrix numbers would one know that they were in fact the same recording.
Matrix numbers were generally assigned consecutively. One can assume that, if the matrix numbers of a set are put into numerical sequence, one will know the order in which the sides were recorded. In most numbering systems, there was a suffix on the end of the number which identified the "take". To give a simple example, consider the 1927 Trial By Jury. Here are the details of that set, arranged in the order recorded:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc11602-2 Hark, the hour of ten is sounding 20 Sep 27
2 Cc11603-2 When first my old, old love I knew 20 Sep 27
3 Cc11644-2 For these kind words accept my thanks 29 Sep 27
4 Cc11604-2 Swear thou the Jury! 20 Sep 27
5 Cc11645-2 Oh never, never, never 29 Sep 27
6 Cc11646-1 That she is reeling is plain to see! 29 Sep 27
7 Cc11606-2 A nice dilemma we have here 20 Sep 27
8 Cc11605-2 The question, gentlemen, is one of liquor 20 Sep 27
We see here that five sides were recorded on September 20th, 1927, the remaining three on September 29th. The "-2" suffix on all but the last matrix number indicates a second take.
Sometimes, examination of the matrix numbers and recording dates allows one to piece together some of the circumstances under which a set was made. For example, the 1930 Patience was recorded on 22 sides, and 21 of them were recorded between September 24th and October 8th, 1930. However, side 13 ("I hear the soft note...") was recorded on November 9th. Its matrix number is Cc19798-6, suggesting that six takes were needed. Normally, one would not schedule a session to record just one side, so it's safe to assume that the original sessions failed to produce an acceptable take, so the company had to be assembled to redo it.
A similar case is presented by the 1929 Pirates, where details are as follows:
Side
Nbr Matrix
Number Selection Rec.
Date
1 Cc15910-9A Overture, part 1 15 May 29
2 Cc15921-1A Overture, part 2 21 Feb 29
3 Cc15911-5 Pour, oh pour the pirate sherry 19 Apr 29
4 Cc15943-5 Oh, better far to live and die 25 Mar 29
... ... ... etc. ... ... ...
Every side of this recording, except for 1 and 3, was recorded between February 21st and March 25th, 1929. The unusually high number of takes for sides 1 and 3 suggests that some problem was encountered, forcing the company to return to the studio at a later date.
The seven operas D'Oyly Carte recorded in 1949–50 (the mono sets with Martyn Green et al) were originally issued on 78rpm records. However, Decca was by now using a different system, and the sequence of matrix numbers no longer signified the order in which the items were recorded.
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Hey a potential client found this and showed me, lets see if he will hire me!!! |
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